Constituents from Salvia Species and Their Biological Activities

Abstract

24 (1R,5R)-1,5-epoxysalvial-4( 14)ene S. sclarea 49 2 salviadienol A S. chinensis 42 25 (2R,5E)-2,12-epoxycaryophyll-5ene S. sclarea 49 3 3β,6β,8a-triacetoxy-4β,5α-epoxy-1-oxogermacr-10(14)-ene S. roborowskii 43 26 (2R,5E)-caryophyll-5-en-12-al S. sclarea 49 4 3β,6β,8a-triacetoxy-4β,5α-epoxygermacr-1(10)E-ene S. roborowskii 43 27 (2S,5E)-caryophyll-5-en-12-al S. sclarea 49 5 3β,6β,8a-triacetoxy-4β,5α:1α,10β-diepoxygermacrane S. roborowskii 43 28 caryophyllene oxide S. sclarea 51, 47 6 salviadienol B S. chinensis 42 S. palaefolia 50 7 trijugin A S. trijuga 45 29 4,10-epoxy-6α-hydroxyguaiane (= buchariol) S. bucharica 343 8 trijugin B S. trijuga 45 30 isospathulenol S. sclarea 49 9 trijugin C S. trijuga 45 31 (1β,3β,4α,5α,6α,8α)-guai-10(14)ene-3,4,6,8-tetrol 3,6,8-triacetate S. roborowskii 48 10 trijugin D S. trijuga 45 32 spathulenol S. eupatorium 361 11 trijugin E S. trijuga 45 S. sclarea 51 12 trijugin F S. trijuga 45 33 nubiol S. nubicola 23 13 trijugin G S. trijuga 45 34 nubenolide S. nubicola 52 14 trijugin H S. trijuga 45 35 nubenolideacetate S. nubicola 52 15 trijugin I S. trijuga 45 36 bisnubidiol S. nubicola 23 16 (1aS*,6R*,6aS*,7aR*,9aR*)-1a,2,6,6a,7a,8,9,9a-octahydro-1a,5,7atrimethylbisoxireno[4,5:8,9]cyclodeca[1,2-b]furan-6-yl acetate (= castanin B) S. castanea 44 37 bisnubenolide S. nubicola 52 6-acetoxyglechomafuran S. roborowskii 43 38 1α,9β-dibenzoyloxy-2β,3β,4βtrihydroxydihydro-β-agarofuran S. palaefolia 50 17 glechomafuran S. palaefolia 47 39 lα-acetoxy-11-hydroxy-2,8-dioxoeudesman-3-en-12-oic acid methyl ester S. palaefolia 53 18 castanin C S. castanea 46 40 11-hydroxy-3,8-dioxo-eudesman-1,4-dien-12-oic acid methyl ester S. palaefolia 53 19 castanin D S. castanea 46 41 β-eudesmol S. microphylla 55 20 castanin E S. castanea 46 42 8α-hydroxy-β-eudesmol S. microphylla 55 21 castanin F S. castanea 46 43 1α-acetoxy-2-oxoeudesman-3,7(11)-dien-8β,12-olide S. palaefolia 53 22 (4R*,5R*,5aS*,8S*,8aR*,8bR*)-8-formyl-4,5,5a,6,7,8,8a,8b-octahydro-5,8b-dihydroxy-3,5a,8-trimethyl-2-oxo-2H-indeno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl acetate (= castanin A) S. castanea 44 44 1α-hydroxy-2-oxoeudesman-3,7(11)-dien-8β,12-olide S. palaefolia 53 23 (3β,4α,6α,8β,9β,10α)-8-(acetyloxy)-3,4:9,10-diepoxygermacr-7(11)-eno-12,6-lactone S. roborowskii 48 45 1α,8α-dihydroxy-2-oxoeudesman-3,7(11)-dien-8β,12-olide S. palaefolia 53, 54 46 1α-acetoxy-8α-hydroxy-2oxoeudesman-3,7(11)-dien-8,12olide S. palaefolia 54

Comparative study of the essential oil composition of Salvia urmiensis and its enzyme inhibitory activities linked to diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer’s disease

“…[1] Salvia species are ethnobotanically used for the treatment of several diseases such as colds, aches, infections, bronchitis, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and inflammation. [2,3] Moreover, this genus has economic importance because of its uses in pharmaceutical, food, and perfume industries.…”

Endophytic fungi residing in medicinal plants have the ability to produce the same or similar pharmacologically active secondary metabolites as their hosts

“…Some of these properties may be mediated by biologically active polyphenols or terpenoids (Wu et al, 2012). Two kinds of bioactive compounds, tanshinones (tanshinone I, tanshinone IIA, tanshinone IIB, isotanshinone I, and cryptotanshinone) and salvianolic acids (salvianolic acid tively.…”

“…Several Salvia species produce the bioactive phenolic labdane-type diterpenes rosemarinic acid, carnosic acid and carnosol. These compounds show distinct anti-oxidant activity with carnosic acid carnosol being approved food additives (Wu et al, 2012). Salvia divinorum produces a novel diterpenoid, salvinorin A, which is a powerful hallucinogen in humans and shows a selective, high effi cacy agonist activity (Butelman and Kreek, 2015).…”

Improving the Quality of Fresh Rainbow Trout by Sage Essential Oil and Packaging Treatments

“…The plant is reported to have multiple pharmacological effects, including antiviral, fungistatic, antimutagenic, anticancer, hypoglycemic, antioxidative and antibacterial effects. The antimicrobial properties of sage are mainly attributed to their phenolic compounds such as carnosic, rosmarinic, caffeic and salvianolic acids; and other phenolic structure-based compounds especially found in alcohol-soluble fraction (Wu et al, 2012;Ustun Alkan et al 2012).…”

“…It has shown strong antimicrobial and antioxidant properties (Wu et al, 2012). The antimicrobial properties of sage are mainly attributed to their phenolic compounds, i.e., carnosol, carnosic acid, rosmanol and to terpenes (Emir Çoban and Patir 2013).…”