Constituent Genetic Characteristics of Scad Species (Family Carangidae) From Bitung Waters of Indonesia

Abstract

The clusters of scad (Selar) which caught around Bitung waters so far has not been genetically confirmed, which has led to differences in the Bitung community's assumptions about the constituent species of Mackerel. The first assumption is that Scads in Bitung waters consist of 2 species only and the second assumption states that it consists of 3 species. To answer these problems, it is necessary to study validly the species based on genetic characteristics and nomenclature. There were 4 species of Scad caught in the waters around Bitung, covering Tude, Oci, Tude Batu and Ekor Kuning Napo according to the local names. This research aimed to obtain the genetic characteristics of Mackerel scad species and to obtain valid species according to the nomenclature. Data analysis was conducted using morphological and genetic approaches. The results showed the constituent genetic characteristics of the scad captured in the waters around Bitung. Based on DNA-COI analysis and nomenclature results, Tude and Oci species have 90% similarity with each other and belong to the same species of Selar crumenophthalmus, Tude Batu is Selar boops with 90% similarity and Ekor Kuning Napo is Selaroides leptolepis with 98% similarity. From these results, it can be concluded that there are only 3 (three) species of scad seen from the nomenclature, namely Selar crumenophthalmus, Selar boops and Selaroides leptolepis.