Abstract:A consol is a default-free financial instrument paying a constant stream of one unit of money. A synonym is a perpetuity. the valuation of a consol presents a particular difficulty: the time horizon of this instrument is infinity, and hence the usual technique of replacing the physical probability measure by a new probability measure represents serious problems with regard to absolute continuity of the two measures. We will work out explicit formulas when the instantaneous riskless interest rate follows a squa… Show more
“…Q|F t ∼ P |F t for t ≥ 0. Remark that we did not assume usual conditions for the filtration, see Delbaen (1993) for a related discussion. (3) The discounted processes B −1 t P (t, T ) are Q-martingales for 0 ≤ t ≤ T .…”
Abstract. A general proof of the Dybvig-Ingersoll-Ross Theorem on the monotonicity of long forward rates is presented. Some inconsistencies in the original proof of this theorem are discussed.
“…Q|F t ∼ P |F t for t ≥ 0. Remark that we did not assume usual conditions for the filtration, see Delbaen (1993) for a related discussion. (3) The discounted processes B −1 t P (t, T ) are Q-martingales for 0 ≤ t ≤ T .…”
Abstract. A general proof of the Dybvig-Ingersoll-Ross Theorem on the monotonicity of long forward rates is presented. Some inconsistencies in the original proof of this theorem are discussed.
“…where ζ 0 is an F 0 -measurable random variable with density p. 10) and then for any x ∈ (0, ∞), define χ x as the solution to the linear differential equation…”
Section: Theorem 34 If Assumption 27 Holds There Exists a Filteredmentioning
We consider the problem of estimating the joint distribution of a continuous-time perpetuity and the underlying factors which govern the cash flow rate, in an ergodic Markovian model. Two approaches are used to obtain the distribution. The first identifies a partial differential equation for the conditional cumulative distribution function of the perpetuity given the initial factor value, which under certain conditions ensures the existence of a density for the perpetuity. The second (and more general) approach, using techniques of time reversal, identifies the joint law as the stationary distribution of an ergodic multidimensional diffusion. This latter approach allows efficient use of Monte Carlo simulation, as the distribution is obtained by sampling a single path of the reversed process.
“…There are several ways 8 to recover this value (see Delbaen (1993) and Geman and Yor (1993)) but a useful formulation given by Delbaen (1993, pg. 129) is…”
Section: Particular Integralmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The first derivative of equation (B.1) is not presented by Delbaen (1993), but it follows that P (r) is defined as…”
Most decision making research in real options focuses on revenue uncertainty assuming discount rates remain constant. However, for many decisions revenue or cost streams are relatively static and investment is driven by interest rate uncertainty, for example the decision to invest in durable machinery and equipment. Using interest rate models from Cox et al. (1985b), we generalize the work of Ingersoll and Ross (1992) in two ways. Firstly, we include real options on perpetuities (in addition to zero coupon cash flows). Secondly, we incorporate abandonment or disinvestment as well as investment options, and thus model interest rate hysteresis (parallel to revenue uncertainty in Dixit (1989a)). Under stochastic interest rates, economic hysteresis is found to be significant, even for small sunk costs.
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