Consolidation of Al particles through forward extrusion-equal channel angular pressing (FE-ECAP)

Metal forming beyond shaping: Predicting and setting product properties

“…Paydar et al [161,162] investigated the integration of ECAP upstream and downstream of forward extrusion, whereby an alternating ductility of the pure aluminum resulted.…”

Application of forward extrusion-equal channel angular pressing (FE-ECAP) in fabrication of aluminum metal matrix composites

“…The only limitation with this method is the need for application of high back pressure during shear deformation to achieve fully dense products [6]. Paydar et al showed that combination of ECAP with conventional forming process, namely extrusion, omit the need for applying back pressure and lead to interesting results [9,10]. They introduced two different routes namely equal channel angular pressing-forward extrusion (ECAP-FE) and forward extrusion-equal channel angular pressing (FE-ECAP) [9,10].…”

“…Paydar et al showed that combination of ECAP with conventional forming process, namely extrusion, omit the need for applying back pressure and lead to interesting results [9,10]. They introduced two different routes namely equal channel angular pressing-forward extrusion (ECAP-FE) and forward extrusion-equal channel angular pressing (FE-ECAP) [9,10]. They showed that the samples fabricated via FE-ECAP route had the greatest ductility with the same strength in comparison to ECAP-FE route [9,10].…”

Deformation Characteristics Evaluation of Modified Equal Channel Angular Pressing Processes

“…5,6) In addition, the ECAP process has been used to compact powders 7,8) and mechanical property enhancement of tubular materials. 9,10) Various modifications to the ECAP process: equal channel multi angular pressing (ECMAP), 11) T shaped ECAP (T-ECAP), 12) Cross shaped ECAP (Cross-ECAP), 13) rotary die ECAP, 14,15) ECAP combined with rolling: cold rolling and continuous ECAP, 16) ECAP combined with forward extrusion: ECAP-FE, 17) and FE-ECAP 18) were developed to enhance the efficiency of the ECAP process. The deformation behaviour and strain homogeneity of these processes were also analysed by using finite element simulations.…”