“…Additionally, operations of large-scale facilities have the potential to kill fish and alter short-and long-term (e.g., hourly and seasonal) flow, temperature, and sediment regimes, which collectively affect water quality, wildlife, and ecosystems (Baxter 1977, Bunn and Arthington 2002, Trussart et al 2002-issues that can be reduced and often avoided with small-scale hydro deployment, as discussed below. Nonetheless, these impacts have contributed to opposition to new construction, hindered licensing and relicensing by the US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission of existing facilities, and motivated several large dam removals (Kosnik 2005, 2008, 2010a, Abbasi and Abbasi 2011, US Army Corps of Engineers 2018, US National Park Service 2018. For these and other reasons, since 2000 hydropower capacity in the United States has grown less than 2% (Johnson and Hadjerioua 2015).…”