Consol lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula complex) controls spiny burrgrass (Cenchrus spp.) in south-western New South Wales

Johnston, WH

doi:10.1071/ea9890037

Cited by 7 publications

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“…It is often described as an undesirable and moderately palatable species that is commonly found on lighter sandy soils along coastal areas within Australia; however, it can also be found further inland if conditions are suitable (Godfree et al, 2017; Roberts et al, 2021). When established, E. curvula can form dense swards that increase its competitiveness towards other species (Firn, 2009; Firn et al, 2010b; Johnston, 1989; Muyt, 2001). Further, research has shown that E. curvula has a strong allelopathic potential which may explain its dominance in grasslands (Ghebrehiwot et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although E. curvula shows signs of being competitive in disturbed or neglected regions, particularly when establishing prior to native species (Firn et al, 2010b; Johnston, 1989; Muyt, 2001; Roberts et al, 2021), supporting literature to date has been equivocal (Firn, 2009; Firn et al, 2010a). In some regions across Australia, China and the United States of America, it is a valuable pasture species when intensive management is regularly applied (Firn, 2009; Ngoy and Shebitz, 2019; Zhu, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Germination biology, distribution and control of the invasive species Eragrostis curvula [Schard. Nees] (African Lovegrass): A global synthesis of current and future management challenges

et al. 2021

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Eragrostis curvula [Schrad. Nees] (African Lovegrass) is an invasive C 4 perennial grass that threatens the multifunctionality of agricultural landscapes in Australia, including agricultural productivity and biodiversity (Firn, 2009;Godfree et al., 2017). It is often described as an undesirable and moderately palatable species that is commonly found on lighter sandy soils along coastal areas within Australia; however, it can also be found further inland if conditions are suitable (Godfree et al., 2017;Roberts et al., 2021). When established, E. curvula can form dense swards that increase its competitiveness towards other species (Firn, 2009;Firn et al., 2010b;Johnston, 1989;Muyt, 2001). Further, research has shown that E. curvula has a strong allelopathic potential which may explain its dominance in grasslands (Ghebrehiwot et al., 2013). These swards can also lead to agricultural loss, a decline in co-occurring native species diversity and an increase in fire frequency and intensity, all of which can result in economic and environmental degradation of

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination biology, distribution and control of the invasive species Eragrostis curvula [Schard. Nees] (African Lovegrass): A global synthesis of current and future management challenges

et al. 2021

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Effect of perennial pasture species on surface soil moisture and early growth and survival of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) seedlings

Dear¹,

Cocks²

1997

Aust. J. Agric. Res.

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Subterranean clover seedling numbers and growth in swards containing 1 of 5 perennial pasture species [phalaris (Phalaris aquatica) cv. Sirolan, cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) cv. Currie, lucerne (Medicago sativa) cv. Aquarius, wallaby grass (Danthonia richardsonii) cv. Taranna, and lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula) cv. Consol] were compared with those in typical annual pastures and pure clover swards in the wheatbelt of eastern Australia. Presence of a perennial species or the volunteer annual grass (Eragrostis cilianensis) increased the rate of drying of the soil surface (0–5 cm) after late February and May rain, compared with subterranean clover swards. Perennials differed in the rate they dried the soil surface, with the more summer-active lucerne and consul lovegrass drying the profile more rapidly than phalaris. The amount of water in the surface 5 cm, 6 days after the rainfall event on 27–28 February, was strongly negatively correlated (r = –0·75, P < 0·01) with the amount of green perennial biomass, but not related to standing dead material or surface residues. Where perennials were present, a smaller proportion (2–4%) of the clover seed pool produced seedlings in response to late summer rain, compared with pure clover swards (18%). A higher proportion of the seed pool produced seedlings (19–36%) following rain in late autumn but there was no difference between species. The more summer-active perennials (cocksfoot, danthonia, and lucerne) markedly depressed the survival of emerged clover seedlings following both germinations. Of the seedlings that emerged in early March, the proportion remaining by 29 March was 57% in phalaris, 21% in lucerne, 13% in danthonia, and 1% in cocksfoot, compared with a 78% increase in seedlings in pure subterranean clover swards. By 15 May, all perennials had <2 clover seedlings/m2 surviving, compared with 37 in the annual pasture and 964 plants/m2 in pure subterranean clover. Following the May germination, the highest proportion of emerged seedlings surviving until 29 May was in the phalaris swards (40%) and least in the cocksfoot and danthonia swards (2–4%). Presence of a perennial or annual grass decreased (P < 0·05) relative water content of clover seedlings on 15 March from 74% in pure clover swards, to 48% in annual pasture, 34% in phalaris, and 29% in lucerne swards. Clover seedlings growing in pure subterranean swards on 15 March (17 days after germinating rain) were 4 times larger than those in lucerne and twice as large as those in either phalaris or annual pasture. Seed size did not differ between treatments, but available mineral soil nitrogen was significantly higher (P < 0·001) in pure subterranean clover swards (32 mg N/g) compared with perennials (3–13 mg N/g). Strategies such as heavy grazing in late summer to reduce green biomass of the perennials or sowing the perennials at lower densities may reduce the adverse effects that perennials have on subterranean clover seedlings in these drier environments.

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Changes in soil water content under annual- and perennial-based pasture systems in the wheatbelt of southern New South Wales

Sandral

Dear

Virgona

et al. 2006

Aust. J. Agric. Res.

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Nine pasture treatments differing in species composition were monitored for changes in soil water content at a depth of 0.10–1.70 m, at 2 sites (Kamarah and Junee), in the wheatbelt of eastern Australia. Treatments containing perennial species, viz. lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L.), cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.), mixture (lucerne + phalaris + cocksfoot), wallaby grass (Austrodanthonia richardsonii Cashmore.), and lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula (Schrader) Nees.), were sown with subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.). In addition, 3 treatments based solely on annual species were examined: subterranean clover (sown by itself and kept weed-free with herbicides), annual (sown to subterranean clover but weed invasion not controlled), and serradella (Ornithopus compressus L.). The experiment was conducted from 1994–97 at the Junee site (annual average rainfall 550 mm/year) and from 1995–97 at the Kamarah site (annual average rainfall 450 mm per year). At the higher rainfall site (Junee), there were few differences among pasture types in soil water content to 0.70 m. Below 0.70 m the soil profile was drier under all the perennial swards than under the annual pasture treatments by the end of the 4-year pasture phase. At the drier Kamarah site, where the pasture phase was shorter due to an initial sowing failure, all the perennials, except cocksfoot, dried the profile below 1.05 m. At both sites, lucerne dried the 1.05–1.70 m section of the soil profile more rapidly than the other perennials, which apparently took longer to reach this depth. At the Junee site, the soil water deficit in May (SWD(MAY), defined as field capacity (mm) – stored soil water (mm) at the beginning of May) was largest in the phalaris, mixture, lucerne, and cocksfoot treatments (155–162 mm), whereas as under a pasture of subterranean clover alone, SWD(MAY) was only 89 mm. At the drier Kamarah site, the largest SWD(MAY) was created by the lovegrass (114 mm) and lucerne (107 mm) treatments. The cocksfoot and subterranean clover treatments created the smallest SWD(MAY) at this site, at 79 and 72 mm, respectively. The study showed that currently available C3 and C4 perennial grasses can be as effective as lucerne in drying the soil profile to 1.70 m in the 450–600 mm rainfall areas of the southern NSW wheatbelt, creating a dry soil buffer to reduce the risk of deep drainage during subsequent cropping phases. As the rate at which grasses dried the profile was slower than lucerne, pastures based on perennial grasses may have to be retained longer to achieve the same level of dewatering.

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Consol lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula complex) controls spiny burrgrass (Cenchrus spp.) in south-western New South Wales

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Germination biology, distribution and control of the invasive species Eragrostis curvula [Schard. Nees] (African Lovegrass): A global synthesis of current and future management challenges

Germination biology, distribution and control of the invasive species Eragrostis curvula [Schard. Nees] (African Lovegrass): A global synthesis of current and future management challenges

Effect of perennial pasture species on surface soil moisture and early growth and survival of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) seedlings

Changes in soil water content under annual- and perennial-based pasture systems in the wheatbelt of southern New South Wales

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