The oxygen isotope fractionation scenario, which has been developed to explain the oxygen isotope anomaly in the solar system materials, predicts that CO gas is depleted in 18 O in protoplanetary disks, where segregation between solids and gas inside disks had already occurred. Based on ALMA observations, we report the first detection of HC 18 O + (4-3) in a Class II protoplanetary disk (TW Hya). This detection allows us to explore the oxygen isotope fractionation of CO in the TW Hya disk from optically thin HCO + isotopologues as a proxy of optically thicker CO isotopologues. Using the H 13 CO + (4-3) data previously obtained with SMA, we find that the H 13 CO + /HC 18 O + ratio in the central 100 au regions of the disk is 10.3 ± 3.2. We construct a chemical model of the TW Hya disk with carbon and oxygen isotope fractionation chemistry, and estimate the conversion factor from H 13 CO + /HC 18 O + to 13 CO/C 18 O. With the conversion factor (= 0.8), the 13 CO/C 18 O ratio is estimated to be 8.3 ± 2.6, which is consistent with the elemental abundance ratio in the local ISM (8.1±0.8) within error margin. Then there is no clear evidence of 18 O depletion in CO gas of the disk, although we could not draw any robust conclusion due to uncertainties. In conclusion, optically thin lines of HCO + isotopologues are useful tracers of CO isotopic ratios, which are hardly constrained directly from optically thick lines of CO isotopologues. Future higher sensitivity observations of H 13 CO + and HC 18 O + would be able to allow us to better constrain the oxygen fractionation in the disk.