Consistent and reproducible slice selection in rodent brain using a novel stereotaxic device for MRI

Fricke, Stanley T.; Vink, Robert; Chiodo, Chris; Černak, Ibolja; Ileva, Lilia; Faden, Alan I.

doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2004.01.003

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…To image the brain, using a 7-Tesla Bruker BioSpec 20 cm horizontal bore (Bruker Biospin, Bellerica, MA), animals were anesthetized with Isoflurane using 4% for induction and 1.5% for maintenance of anesthesia, with 70% oxygen and 30% nitrous oxide mixture. After which the animals were placed in a stereotaxic holder [Fricke et al, 2004] where Isoflurane is maintained at 1.5%, the stereotaxic holder incorporates a warm water heating system that maintains the temperature at 37°C. Also integrated into the holder is an inductive respiratory monitoring system as well as a four channel thermal optical monitoring system used to monitor animal's skin temperature, animal core temperature (rectal), ambient temperature and wall temperature of holder.…”

Section: Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Mri) and Water Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of striatal glutamate transmission in rotenone-treated mice: MRI/MRS in vivo studies

Moussa

Rusnak

Hailu

et al. 2008

Experimental Neurology

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Animal models treated with agricultural chemicals, such as rotenone, reproduce several degenerative features of human central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Glutamate is the most abundant excitatory amino acid transmitter in the mammalian central nervous system and its transmission is implicated in a variety of brain functions including mental behavior and memory. Dysfunction of glutamate neurotransmission in the CNS has been associated with a number of human neurodegenerative diseases, either as a primary or as a secondary factor in the excitotoxic events leading to neuronal death. Since many human CNS disorders do not arise spontaneously in animals, characteristic functional changes have to be mimicked by toxic agents. Candidate environmental toxins bearing any direct or indirect effects on the pathogenesis of human disease are particularly useful. The present longitudinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) studies show, for the first time, significant variations in the properties of brain ventricles in a rotenonetreated (2mg/kg) mouse model over a period of 4 weeks following 3 days of rotenone treatment. Histopathological analysis reveals death of stria terminalis neurons following this short period of rotenone treatment. Furthermore, in vivo voxel localized 1 H MR spectroscopy also shows for the first time significant bio-energetic and metabolic changes as well as temporal alterations in the levels of glutamate in the degenerating striatal region. These studies provide novel insights on the effects of environmental toxins on glutamate and other amino acid neurotransmitters in human neurodegenerative diseases.

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Section: Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Mri) and Water Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of striatal glutamate transmission in rotenone-treated mice: MRI/MRS in vivo studies

Moussa

Rusnak

Hailu

et al. 2008

Experimental Neurology

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“…In addition to the anesthesia and maintaining a suitable core temperature, another important factor in successful small rodent MRI is that the probe should keep the animal stable during the imaging session [12]. Most small animal systems are shipped with mouse and rat probes, but many laboratories develop custom-made holders for specific applications and/or for added stability.…”

Section: Special Requirements For Small Rodent Mrimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These range from diffuse injuries to controlled cortical impacts, chemical insults, and nonimpact models. MRI allows monitoring of the damaged tissue, also the tissue at risk [12,128,129]. For this purpose, DWI/DTI/magnetization transfer (MT) techniques are often used, similarly to the stroke studies described above.…”

Section: Traumatic Injury Models Of the Brain And Spinal Cordmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI in Rodent Models of Brain Disorders

et al. 2011

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Summary: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a wellestablished tool in clinical practice and research on human neurological disorders. Translational MRI research utilizing rodent models of central nervous system (CNS) diseases is becoming popular with the increased availability of dedicated small animal MRI systems. Projects utilizing this technology typically fall into one of two categories: 1) true "pre-clinical" studies involving the use of MRI as a noninvasive disease monitoring tool which serves as a biomarker for selected aspects of the disease and 2) studies investigating the pathomechanism of known human MRI findings in CNS disease models. Most small animal MRI systems operate at 4.7-11.7 Tesla field strengths. Although the higher field strength clearly results in a higher signalto-noise ratio, which enables higher resolution acquisition, a variety of artifacts and limitations related to the specific absorption rate represent significant challenges in these experiments. In addition to standard T1-, T2-, and T2*-weighted MRI methods, all of the currently available advanced MRI techniques have been utilized in experimental animals, including diffusion, perfusion, and susceptibility weighted imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, chemical shift imaging, heteronuclear imaging, and 1 H or 31 P MR spectroscopy. Selected MRI techniques are also exclusively utilized in experimental research, including manganese-enhanced MRI, and cell-specific/molecular imaging techniques utilizing negative contrast materials. In this review, we describe technical and practical aspects of small animal MRI and provide examples of different MRI techniques in anatomical imaging and tract tracing as well as several models of neurological disorders, including inflammatory, neurodegenerative, vascular, and traumatic brain and spinal cord injury models, and neoplastic diseases.

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“…Some fMRI studies have used muscle relaxants, such as pancuronium bromide, to minimise movement of the rat (Keilholz et al 2004), and MR scanner compatible head frames with ear and incisor bars which secure the head during scanning have been developed (Fig. 2a), which also allow physiological monitoring, anaesthetic delivery and reliable stereotaxic placement of the rat for repeated studies (Fricke et al 2004). MR scanner compatible animal restrainer systems have also been designed for functional studies in conscious rats (Ludwig et al 2004).…”

Section: Head Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%