Consistency models for distributed interactive multimedia applications

Bouillot, Nicolas; Gressier‐Soudan, Eric

doi:10.1145/1031154.1031156

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Predictive schemes, such as dead reckoning, attempt to reduce inconsistency by reducing latency due to network saturation. To fully understand the operation of such a technique, it is first necessary to briefly review some of the various types of inconsistency considered in the literature [4,5,13]. One of the most popular is remote spatial inconsistency.…”

Section: Software and Hardware Architecture Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bounding Inconsistency Using a Novel Threshold Metric for Dead Reckoning Update Packet Generation

et al. 2008

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Human-to-human interaction across distributed applications requires that sufficient consistency be maintained among participants in the face of network characteristics such as latency and limited bandwidth. The level of inconsistency arising from the network is proportional to the network delay, and thus a function of bandwidth consumption. Distributed simulation has often used a bandwidth reduction technique known as dead reckoning that combines approximation and estimation in the communication of entity movement to reduce network traffic, and thus improve consistency. However, unless carefully tuned to application and network characteristics, such an approach can introduce more inconsistency than it avoids. The key tuning metric is the distance threshold. This paper questions the suitability of the standard distance threshold as a metric for use in the dead reckoning scheme. Using a model relating entity path curvature and inconsistency, a major performance related limitation of the distance threshold technique is highlighted. We then propose an alternative time-space threshold criterion. The time-space threshold is demonstrated, through simulation, to perform better for low curvature movement. However, it too has a limitation. Based on this, we further propose a novel hybrid scheme. Through simulation and live trials, this scheme is shown to perform well across a range of curvature values, and places bounds on both the spatial and absolute inconsistency arising from dead reckoning.

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Section: Software and Hardware Architecture Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bounding Inconsistency Using a Novel Threshold Metric for Dead Reckoning Update Packet Generation

et al. 2008

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“…Perceptive Consistency [3] is a wall-clock time based model integrating simultaneity, instantaneousness and causal ordering. The model requires synchronized physical clocks for the hosts cooperating in the DV E application.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Responsiveness By Locality In Distributed Virtual Environments

Baiardi¹,

Ricci²,

Genovali³

2007

ECMS 2007 Proceedings Edited By: I. Zelinka, Z. Oplatkova, A. Orsoni

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The recent diffusion of wide area networks distributed applications, like distributed virtual environments (DV Es), for instance massively multiplayer games, requires the definition of proper consistency models and protocols. Models like perceptive consistency take into account the interactivity of these applications by defining a set of real time constraints. This paper presents MultiLags, a protocol implementing perceptive consistency which exploits DV E locality to dynamically refine the time constraints according to the network conditions. An implementation of the protocol is presented. A set of experimental results show the effectiveness of the MultiLags approach.

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“…Bouillot and Gressier-Soudan [3] categorize existing approaches to consistency in distributed interactive multimedia applications. For live synchronized media such as games they list two main directions.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consistency requirements in multiplayer online games

Palant

Griwodz

Halvorsen

2006

Proceedings of 5th ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Network and System Support for Games - NetGames '06

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Multiplayer online games are becoming increasingly popular as broadband internet connections replace the old modems. However, while available bandwidth grows steadily according to Moore's law, the latency of the internet connections remains almost constant, making it dicult to maintain a consistent game state over a large number of clients that have to be synchronized with each other and with the server(s). This paper introduces a possible solution to the problem by dening the necessary level of consistency through user's perception of the game. While the resulting set of requirements is somewhat dicult to formalize, it is not too restrictive and leaves many options open, some of which are discussed here. Ideally a game where all the requirements are met will appear like a local game to the user.

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Consistency models for distributed interactive multimedia applications

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

Bounding Inconsistency Using a Novel Threshold Metric for Dead Reckoning Update Packet Generation

Bounding Inconsistency Using a Novel Threshold Metric for Dead Reckoning Update Packet Generation

Improving Responsiveness By Locality In Distributed Virtual Environments

Consistency requirements in multiplayer online games

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