Consistency effects between objects in scenes

Davenport, Jodi L.

doi:10.3758/bf03193280

Cited by 142 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We hypothesize that just as scene categories can constrain identification of canonical and noncanonical objects (cf. Davenport, 2007;Davenport & Potter, 2004), global scene-identity information can limit the access of local contingency information in memory. In the context of the present study, when global scene identity did not give rise to reasonable expectations concerning a pillow's presence or location, the localist "the target is on a pillow" rule was not invoked.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semantic memory for contextual regularities within and across scene categories: Evidence from eye movements

Brockmole

Võ

2010

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semantic memory for contextual regularities within and across scene categories: Evidence from eye movements

Brockmole

Võ

2010

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics

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“…Using natural images, Davenport and Potter (2004) reported that semantic scene congruency had an effect on the processing of both the target object and its context. Davenport (2007) also found that objects were reported more accurately when the objects and their settings were consistent than when they were inconsistent, regardless of the number of foreground objects. These findings suggest that object categorization in natural scenes is promoted by the consistent background.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The lack of age-related change in natural scene perception may be attributed to the nature of scene perception itself. Recent studies have reported that object categorization benefits from the contextual information in scenes (Bar, 2004;Davenport, 2007;Davenport & Potter, 2004;Torralba, Oliva, Castelhano, & Henderson, 2006). Using natural images, Davenport and Potter (2004) reported that semantic scene congruency had an effect on the processing of both the target object and its context.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, the cognitive function of processing the relation between objects and their contextual information in natural scenes may be free from the age-related change and this benefit may lead older adults into overcoming the age-related deficits in top-down processes. However, this possibility remains unclear, so in future research, we must examine this point with younger and older adults, manipulating the relation between objects and backgrounds in natural scenes as in Davenport and her colleague (Davenport, 2007;Davenport & Potter, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salient Natural Scene Attracts Both Younger and Older Adults’ Attention

Otsuka

Kawaguchi

2014

PSYCHOLOGIA -An International Journal of Psychological Sciences

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The purpose of this study was to examine whether salient natural scenes attract both younger and older adults' attention in a visual search task. We manipulated the search set size and the perceptual saliency of the target scene (singleton vs. nonsingleton). In the singleton condition, a target image was always presented in color, and distractors were presented in grayscale. In the nonsingleton condition, both target and distractor images were presented in color. Younger and older adults were asked to detect the target in scenes and to categorize it as an animal or vehicle. The results showed that, although older adults' decisions were slower than those of younger adults, older adults could still perform visual search efficiently in the singleton condition as compared with the nonsingleton condition. These results suggest that salient natural scenes attract both younger and older adults' attention in scene perception based on the relatively bottom-up attentional processing.Key oodds: K age-related difference, attentional attraction, scene perceptionIn visual search, the observer is faced with the task of sifting through multiple features of stimuli to find a target. The most robust finding of visual search research is that search efficiency depends on the nature and combinations of features in the display. In studies of visual search, both bottom-up and top-down attentional controls are important (e.g., Wolfe, 1998). Remington, Johnston, and Yantis (1992) demonstrated that abrupt onsets of visual stimuli capture attention in a bottom-up way. In their experiments, participants were explicitly told that onsets would never cue the location of the target and were to be ignored. However, despite these instructions, search was slowed whenever an onset was presented in the display. In addition, Theeuwes (1992) required participants to search for a green circle among green squares. In that experiment, an irrelevant color singleton, which differs from homogenous distractors on a particular dimension, was presented on some trials (e.g., one of the squares was red), and search was disrupted. Even though participants had a clear attentional set to attend to a shape singleton, the irrelevant color singleton captured attention involuntarily. These findings indicate that abrupt onsets or new objects capture attention in a mandatory form. In contrast, in a top-down form, visual search is influenced relatively by the observer's knowledge and goals than by the properties of the display. Leber and

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“…Disrupting the coherence of items in complex displays have been shown to have adverse effects on recognizing and manipulating objects (Mudrik, Lamy, & Deouell, 2010;Davenport & Potter, 2004;Ganis & Kutas, 2003;Bar & Ullman, 1996;Biederman, Glass, & Stacy, 1973;Biederman, 1972) on the recognition of scenes (Davenport, 2007;Joubert, Rousselet, Fize, & FabreThorpe, 2007) and can affect the interpretation of ambiguous objects (Palmer, 1975). The disruption of spatial coherency in the arrangement of objects in a display can also affect the measured hemodynamic response in context selective regions (Gronau, Neta, & Bar, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Integration of Contextual Information across Objects

Livne

Bär

2016

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Abstract■ Recognizing objects in the environment and understanding our surroundings often depends on context: the presence of other objects and knowledge about their relations with each other. Such contextual information activates a set of medial lobe brain regions, the parahippocampal cortex and the retrosplenial complex. Both regions are more activated by single objects with a unique contextual association than by objects not associated with any specific context. Similarly they are more activated by spatially coherent arrangements of objects when those are consistent with their known spatial relations. The current study tested how context in multiple-object displays is represented in these regions in the absence of relevant spatial information. Using an fMRI slow-event-related design, we show that the precuneus (a subpart of the retrosplenial complex) is more activated by simultaneously presented contextually related objects than by unrelated objects. This suggests that the representation of context in this region is cumulative, representing integrated information across objects in the display. We discuss these findings in relation to processing of visual information and relate them to previous findings of contextual effects in perception. ■

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Consistency effects between objects in scenes

Cited by 142 publications

References 27 publications

Semantic memory for contextual regularities within and across scene categories: Evidence from eye movements

Semantic memory for contextual regularities within and across scene categories: Evidence from eye movements

Salient Natural Scene Attracts Both Younger and Older Adults’ Attention

Cortical Integration of Contextual Information across Objects

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