Consistency Analysis of RTK and Non-RTK UAV DSMs in Vegetated Areas

Sefercik, Umut Güneş; Nazar, Mertcan

doi:10.1109/jstars.2023.3288947

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…For example, measurement accuracy is highest during noon, and the image quality is better in areas with flat terrain and apparent surface features. In contrast, accuracy is significantly reduced in areas with significant elevation changes, dense tree cover, and shadows [23,[27][28][29][30]. (3) Flight parameters, including altitude settings, degree of overlap, and camera inclination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy analysis of UAV aerial photogrammetry based on RTK mode, flight altitude, and number of GCPs

Tan,

Chen,

Chen

et al. 2024

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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The optimization of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) aerial photogrammetry scheme is crucial for achieving higher precision mapping results. Three representative factors, namely the real-time kinematic (RTK) mode, flight altitude, and the number of ground control points (GCPs) were selected to analyze their impact on UAV aerial photogrammetry accuracy. Four flight altitude tests were conducted separately in two RTK modes, and five GCP layout schemes were designed. Based on this, the root mean square error (RMSE) values of 40 aerial photogrammetric results were analyzed. The results showed a significant correlation between flight altitude and resolution of the UAV aerial photogrammetric results. Further, conversion formulas between actual image resolution and flight altitude for different GCP values were also derived in RTK and non-RTK modes. In the case of precise positioning, the horizontal and vertical accuracy of the aerial photogrammetric image decreased with increasing flight altitude. Under the same flight altitude, the addition or no addition of GCPs, including changes in GCP numbers, had no significant effect on improving the accuracy of aerial photogrammetry in RTK mode. However, in non-RTK mode, the number of GCPs significantly affected accuracy. The horizontal and vertical RMSE values decreased rapidly with the increase in GCP numbers and then stabilized. However, regardless of whether RTK was activated, an excessive number of GCPs was not conducive to improving the accuracy of aerial photogrammetric results. The mapping accuracy of UAVs in RTK mode without GCPs was equivalent to that in non-RTK mode with GCPs. Therefore, when using RTK-UAVs, deploying GCPs is unnecessary under suitable circumstances. Finally, practical suggestions for optimizing the UAV aerial photogrammetry scheme are provided as a reference for related applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy analysis of UAV aerial photogrammetry based on RTK mode, flight altitude, and number of GCPs

Tan,

Chen,

Chen

et al. 2024

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Visual Positioning Method for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Charging Platform Using Cooperative Target

Lu,

Yang,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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Comparative analyses for determining shallow water bathymetry potential of multispectral UAVs: case study in Tavşan Island, Sea of Marmara

Sefercik,

Nazar,

Aydin

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Recently, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in bathymetric applications has become very popular due to the rapid and periodic acquisition of high spatial resolution data that provide detailed modeling of shallow water body depths and obtaining geospatial information. In UAV-based bathymetry, the sensor characteristics, imaging geometries, and the quality of radiometric and geometric calibrations of the imagery are the basic factors to achieve most reliable results. Digital bathymetric models (DBMs) that enable three-dimensional bottom topography definition of water bodies can be generated using many different techniques. In this paper, the effect of different UAV imaging bands and DBM generation techniques on the quality of bathymetric 3D modeling was deeply analyzed by visual and statistical model-based comparison approaches utilizing reference data acquired by a single-beam echosounder. In total, four different DBMs were generated and evaluated, two from dense point clouds derived from red–green–blue (RGB) single-band and multispectral (MS) five-band aerial photos, and the other two from Stumpf and Lyzenga empirical satellite-based bathymetry (SDB) adapted to UAV data. The applications were performed in the Tavşan Island located in Istanbul, Turkey. The results of statistical model-based analyses demonstrated that the accuracies of the DBMs are arranged as RGB, MS, Lyzenga, and Stumpf from higher to lower and the standard deviation of height differences are between ±0.26 m and ±0.54 m. Visual results indicate that five-band MS DBM performs best in identifying the deepest areas.

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Consistency Analysis of RTK and Non-RTK UAV DSMs in Vegetated Areas

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Accuracy analysis of UAV aerial photogrammetry based on RTK mode, flight altitude, and number of GCPs

Accuracy analysis of UAV aerial photogrammetry based on RTK mode, flight altitude, and number of GCPs

Visual Positioning Method for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Charging Platform Using Cooperative Target

Comparative analyses for determining shallow water bathymetry potential of multispectral UAVs: case study in Tavşan Island, Sea of Marmara

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