Considering the Definition of Addiction

Sussman, Steve; Sussman, Alan

doi:10.3390/ijerph8104025

Cited by 212 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The association between online flow and IA confirms several cross-sectional findings (Yang et al, 2014;Stavropoulos et al, 2013b), and highliths online flow's link to online satisfaction (Stavropoulos et al, 2013b;Hoffman & Novak, 2009;Zaman et al, 2010). Since addictive behaviors have been associated with gratification (Sussman & Sussman, 2011), higher levels of flow (and thus online gratification) may place adolescents at higher risk for IA.…”

Section: Online Flow In Understanding Prevention and Treatment Of Iasupporting

confidence: 81%

“…It is possible that such drives and needs for interactivity, marking a transitional period in development (Blakemore, & Mills, 2014), may be later expressed more adaptively through off-line social activity rather than online. An Internet "satiation" period similar to other forms of addictions (Sussman & Sussman, 2011) has been proposed and is a concept requiring further investigation. In short, the present findings suggest that after an acute engagement period before the age of 16 years, cravings for Internet use may decline, and become replaced by more effective internal controls due to maturational and socialization processes.…”

Section: Age-related Variations In Understanding Prevention and Treamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flow on the Internet: a longitudinal study of Internet addiction symptoms during adolescence

Stavropoulos

Griffiths

Burleigh

et al. 2018

Behaviour & Information Technology

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Internet Addiction (IA) constitutes an excessive internet use behavior with significant impact on the user's wellbeing. Online flow describes the users' level of being absorbed by their online activity. The present study investigated age-related, gender, and flow effects on IA in adolescence. The sample comprised 648 adolescents who were assessed twice at age 16 and 18 years. IA was assessed using the Internet Addiction Test and online flow was assessed using the Online Flow Questionnaire. A three-level hierarchical model estimated age-related, gender, and online flow effects on IA symptoms and controlled for clustered random effects.IA symptoms decreased over time (for both genders) with a slower rate in males. Online flow was associated with IA symptoms and this remained consistent over time. Findings expand upon the available literature suggesting that IA symptoms could function as a developmentrelated manifestation at the age of 16 years, while IA-related gender differences gradually increase between 16 and 18 years. Finally, the association between online flow and IA symptoms remained stable independent of age-related effects. The study highlights individual differences and provides directions for more targeted prevention and intervention initiatives for IA.

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Section: Online Flow In Understanding Prevention and Treatment Of Iasupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Age-related Variations In Understanding Prevention and Treamentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow on the Internet: a longitudinal study of Internet addiction symptoms during adolescence

Stavropoulos

Griffiths

Burleigh

et al. 2018

Behaviour & Information Technology

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“…The model predicts that those individuals who develop an addiction (behavioural or chemical) experience an alteration of their reward system that increases their likelihood of developing new ones in relation to objects that they are frequently exposed to (Shaffer et al, 2004). Similarly, Sussman et al (2011Sussman et al ( , 2012 argue that the type of behavioural addiction individuals are likely to develop following a previous one can be predicted from the individuals' lifestyles. It follows that those who exhibit compulsive working patterns, within contemporary working environments (where they are also highly exposed and in constant interaction with Internet), could well be at potential risk of developing compulsive Internet use.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compulsive Internet use and workaholism: An exploratory two-wave longitudinal study

Quiñones

Griffiths

Kakabadse

2016

Computers in Human Behavior

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Workaholism refers to the uncontrollable need to work and comprises working compulsively (WC) and working excessively (WE). Compulsive Internet Use (CIU), involves a similar behavioural pattern although in specific relation to Internet use. Since many occupations rely upon use of the Internet, and the lines between home and the workplace have become increasingly blurred, a self-reinforcing pattern of workaholism and CIU could develop from those vulnerable to one or the other. The present study explored the relationship between these compulsive behaviours utilizing a two-wave longitudinal study over six months. A total of 244 participants who used the Internet as part of their occupational role and were in full-time employment completed the online survey at each wave. This survey contained previously validated measures of each variable. Data were analysed using cross-lagged analysis. Results indicated that Internet usage and CIU were reciprocally related, supporting the existence of tolerance in CIU. It was also found that CIU at Time 1 predicted WC at Time 2 and that WE was unrelated to CIU. It is concluded that a masking mechanism appears a sensible explanation for the findings. Although further studies are needed, these findings encourage a more holistic evaluation and treatment of compulsive behaviours.

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“…Ever having been addicted to alcohol and drugs was assessed (Sussman & Sussman, 2011) using a dichotomous variable (1 = yes, 0 = no) such that participants were asked "Sometimes people have an "addiction" to a certain drug or other object or activity. An addiction occurs when people experience the following:…”

Section: Correlatesmentioning

confidence: 99%