“…This fast growth has generated intense competition among hospitality and tourism Correspondence should be addressed to Mohamed A. Abou-Shouk, PhD, Tourism Studies Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Fayoum University, PO Box 63514, Fayoum, Egypt. E-mail: maa15@fayoum.edu.eg programs for better students and faculties to enhance their reputations (Hu, Jang, & Bai, 2004).…”