Considerations Regarding Embryo Culture Conditions: From Media to Epigenetics

Simopoulou, Mara; Sfakianoudis, Konstantinos; Rapani, Anna; Giannelou, Polina; Anifandis, George; Bolaris, Stamatis; Pantou, Agni; Lambropoulou, María; Pappas, Apostolos; Deligeoroglou, Efthimios; Pantos, Konstantinos; Koutsilieris, Michael

doi:10.21873/invivo.11261

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(107 reference statements)

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“…During oocyte maturation and early embryo development, various enzymes and metabolic pathways produce endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) [46]. The accumulation of ROS in cells leads to cell membrane lipid peroxidation, blockade of RNA transcription, damage of DNA and decreases in protein synthesis [47,48,49]. It has been reported that oxidative stress can induce ER stress and UPR signaling by impeding correct protein folding and calcium homeostasis [50].…”

Section: Activation and Induction Of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress and Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) in Mammalian Oocyte Maturation and Preimplantation Embryo Development

Lin

Lee

Kang

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Mammalian oocytes and early embryos derived from in vitro production are highly susceptible to a variety of cellular stresses. During oocyte maturation and preimplantation embryo development, functional proteins must be folded properly in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to maintain oocyte and embryo development. However, some adverse factors negatively impact ER functions and protein synthesis, resulting in the activation of ER stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathways. ER stress and UPR signaling have been identified in mammalian oocytes and embryos produced in vitro, suggesting that modulation of ER stress and UPR signaling play very important roles in oocyte maturation and the development of preimplantation embryos. In this review, we briefly describe the current state of knowledge regarding ER stress, UPR signaling pathways, and their roles and mechanisms in mammalian (excluding human) oocyte maturation and preimplantation embryo development.

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Section: Activation and Induction Of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress and Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) in Mammalian Oocyte Maturation and Preimplantation Embryo Development

Lin

Lee

Kang

et al. 2019

IJMS

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“…Prior to applying CM in human ARTs, it is required that the efficacy and toxicity of the materials are evaluated in animal models, allowing for insufficiency and ethical issues on human embryo [27,28]. Mouse preimplantation embryos are generally used to examine the development of culture medium owing to their developmental similarity to humans [29]. In the present study, using in vitro fertilized mouse embryos, we aimed to evaluate the anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects of human ASC-CM with optimal basal medium by comparing KSFM and DMEM, and its ability as supplements to improve preimplantation embryo development during IVC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Oxidative Effects of Human Adipose Stem Cell Conditioned Medium with Different Basal Medium during Mouse Embryo In Vitro Culture

Kim

et al. 2020

Animals

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The quality of embryos produced by assisted reproductive techniques should be advanced by the improvement of in vitro culture conditions for successful implantation and pregnancy maintenance. We investigated the anti-oxidative effect of human adipose stem cell (ASC) conditioned medium with its optimal basal medium, Dulbecco′s modified Eagle′s medium (DMEM-CM), or keratinocyte serum-free medium (KSFM-CM) as supplements during in vitro culture (IVC) of in vitro fertilized mouse embryo. At first, preimplantation embryo development was evaluated in KSFM-CM and DMEM-CM supplemented cultures at various concentrations. The blastocyst (BL) and hatched BL formation rates were significantly increased in 5% DMEM-CM, while no difference was observed from KSFM-CM. Next, comparing the efficacy of KSFM-CM and DMEM-CM at the same concentration, DMEM-CM enhanced the developmental rate of 16 cells, morula, BL, and hatched BL. The expression level of reactive oxygen species decreased and that of glutathione increased in BL cultured with DMEM-CM, which confirms its anti-oxidative effect. Furthermore, apoptosis in BL cultured with DMEM-CM was reduced compared with that in KSFM-CM. This study demonstrated that the comparative effect of human ASC-CM made of two different basal media during mouse embryo IVC and anti-oxidative effect of 5% DMEM-CM was optimal to improve preimplantation embryo development.

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“…The temperature was set based on the literature and our preliminary study. The literature demonstrated that slightly lower temperature could be physiologically relevant to reproductive tissues [ 32 , 33 , 34 ] and comparable to traditional 37 °C for reproductive outcomes [ 35 , 36 , 37 ]. In our preliminary study, developmental rate to BL at 36 °C showed no difference to that at 37 °C, and both rates were observed within the normal range.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Anti-Oxidative Effect of Human Adipose- and Amniotic Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Conditioned Medium on Mouse Preimplantation Embryo Development

Kim

et al. 2021

Antioxidants

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Oxidative stress is a major cause of damage to the quantity and quality of embryos produced in vitro. Antioxidants are usually supplemented to protect embryos from the suboptimal in vitro culture (IVC) environment. Amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSC) have emerged as a promising regenerative therapy, and their paracrine factors with anti-oxidative effects are present in AMSC conditioned medium (CM). We examined the anti-oxidative potential of human AMSC-CM treatment during IVC on mouse preimplantation embryo development and antioxidant gene expression in the forkhead box O (FoxO) pathway. AMSC-CM (10%) was optimal for overall preimplantation embryo developmental processes and upregulated the expression of FoxOs and their downstream antioxidants in blastocysts (BL). Subsequently, compared to adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ASC)-CM, AMSC-CM enhanced antioxidant gene expression and intracellular GSH levels in the BL. Total antioxidant capacity and SOD activity were greater in AMSC-CM than in ASC-CM. Furthermore, SOD and catalase were more active in culture medium supplemented with AMSC-CM than in ASC-CM. Lastly, the anti-apoptotic effect of AMSC-CM was observed with the regulation of apoptosis-related genes and mitochondrial membrane potential in BL. In conclusion, the present study established AMSC-CM treatment at an optimal concentration as a novel antioxidant intervention for assisted reproduction.

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Considerations Regarding Embryo Culture Conditions: From Media to Epigenetics

Abstract: Media were first produced in-house with limited quality control, now they are commercially and widely available containing nutrients, vitamins and growth factors and strictly produced by manufacturers who follow specific quality 451

Cited by 33 publications

References 94 publications

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress and Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) in Mammalian Oocyte Maturation and Preimplantation Embryo Development

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress and Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) in Mammalian Oocyte Maturation and Preimplantation Embryo Development

Anti-Oxidative Effects of Human Adipose Stem Cell Conditioned Medium with Different Basal Medium during Mouse Embryo In Vitro Culture

Comparison of Anti-Oxidative Effect of Human Adipose- and Amniotic Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Conditioned Medium on Mouse Preimplantation Embryo Development

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