Considerations on the chronological and causal relationships between talus flatirons and palaeoclimatic changes in central and northeastern Spain

Gutiérrez, Mateo; Gutiérrez, Francisco; Desir, G.

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.06.006

Cited by 29 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The development of talus flatirons in arid environments involves phase of deposition and buildup and a phase of incision and erosion followed by cliff and talus flatiron retreat (Koons, 1955;Gerson, 1982;Gerson and Grossman, 1987;Schmidt, 1989;Gutiérrez et al, 2006). According to many studies, the main cause for talus flatiron detachment Fig.…”

Section: The Conceptual Model Of Talus Flatiron Formation In Hyperarimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accepted models suggest that in arid and semiarid areas talus flatiron generations represent the response of cliff slopes to climatic cycles (Everard, 1963;Gerson, 1982;Gerson and Grossman, 1987;Sancho et al, 1988;Bull, 1991;Schmidt, 1996;Arauzo et al, 1996;Gutiérrez et al, 1998Gutiérrez et al, , 2006. Gerson (1982) suggested that a cliff capped by durable rock in arid regions is subjected, through time, to two long term geomorphic processes: (a) under arid to semiarid conditions (100-350 mm yr − 1 ) relatively smooth continuous talus deposits accumulate at the foot of the cliff, mainly by debris and slope-wash, and (b) under arid to extremely arid conditions (10-100 mm yr − 1 ) slope wash and gullying occur and results in the detachment of talus deposits from the source cliff.…”

Section: Paleoclimatic Significance Of Talus Flatiron Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a setting, in which older talus flatirons are systematically more distant from the cliff, is observed at many locations (e.g. Gerson, 1982;Gerson and Grossman, 1987;Schmidt, 1994;Gutiérrez et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The most common and accepted conceptual model describing the origin of talus flatiron chronosequences is based on climate changes (Everard, 1963;Gerson, 1982;Gerson and Grossman, 1987;Sancho et al, 1988;Bull, 1991;Arauzo et al, 1996;Schmidt, 1996;Gutiérrez et al, 1998Gutiérrez et al, , 2006. This model is attractive as it provides a chronological framework for landscape evolution and cliff retreat, enables the correlation between various talus flatiron remnants, and is therefore used as an example of geomorphic responses to climate change (e.g., Bull, 1991, pp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…155-157). In semiarid regions, formation of talus flatiron sequences were correlated even with short cooler events such as Heinrich events and late Holocene neoglaciations (e.g., Gutiérrez et al, 2006) with intervals of 2500-25,000 years between successive talus flatiron generations. In arid and hyperarid regions such sequences were hypothesized as related to cycles of glacialinterglacial scale with temporal spacing of~100 ka between successive talus flatiron generations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quaternary-scale evolution of sequences of talus flatirons in the hyperarid Negev

et al. 2011

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Section: The Conceptual Model Of Talus Flatiron Formation In Hyperarimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Paleoclimatic Significance Of Talus Flatiron Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Quaternary-scale evolution of sequences of talus flatirons in the hyperarid Negev

et al. 2011

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Chronology and paleoenvironmental interpretation of talus flatiron sequences in a sub‐humid mountainous area: Tremp Depression, Spanish Pyrenees

Pau

Linares

Zarroca

et al. 2013

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Talus flatirons are debris-covered relict slopes, disconnected from the source area, which are relatively common in arid and semi-arid areas. Talus flatiron sequences record the alternation of accumulation and incision phases. These chronosequences may be used for infer temporal changes in the morphogenetic processes acting on the slopes as well as information on the local paleoclimatic history. Talus flatiron sequences developed in the Tremp Depression, eastern Spanish Pyrenees, are analysed from the geomorphological, chronological and paleoenvironmental perspective. The two groups of relict slopes differentiated by means of detailed geomorphological mapping have been dated by optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon dating at 25-20 kyr (S3) and 5Á4-1Á7 cal kyr (S2). The talus flatiron group S3 is correlated with a fluvial terrace of the Noguera Pallaresa River (c. 23 kyr BP). The comparison of the ages obtained in the Tremp Depression with chronologies published for talus flatiron sequences in semi-arid areas and other paleoclimatic proxies suggests that the aggradation phases in the slopes occurred during periods with higher humidity and vegetation cover. The chronological differences observed between semi-arid Spain and the Tremp Depression may be partly related to the more humid climate of the latter mountain area.

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Late Pleistocene talus flatiron formation below the Coal Cliffs cuesta, Utah, USA

Sheehan

Ward

2018

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Cuesta escarpment retreat is a principal mode of exhumation in regions of layered sedimentary rock. On the Colorado Plateau, this process acts as a mechanism for maintaining high‐relief topography and facilitating drainage divide migration. Quantitative estimates of cuesta evolution are difficult to evaluate over glacial‐interglacial timescales, and thus rates of geomorphic change along individual escarpments have mostly been constrained over millions of years. Several studies have addressed this problem by dating colluvium‐mantled talus flatirons. However, this technique has not been applied systematically on the Colorado Plateau. This study quantifies geomorphic change along a single Colorado Plateau cuesta using 36Cl surface exposure dating. We present 33 ages from a single generation of talus flatirons below the Coal Cliffs of central Utah. Landscape evolution is further constrained using 14 ages from in‐situ bedrock, 3 ages from boulders on gully interfluves, and two ages from terrace alluvium. Results suggest a colluvial apron was deposited below the cuesta beginning as early as Marine Isotope Stage 3, and the latest depositional phase occurred near the Last Glacial Maximum. A switch from apron deposition to incision initiated flatiron formation sometime between 19.7 ± 2.5 and 11.8 ± 1.6 ka, broadly coincident with the transition from glacial to interglacial conditions. Our results have several important implications. Climatic changes during the end of the last glacial period appear to have shifted the balance between deposition and erosion below the Coal Cliffs, emptying the sediment reservoir at their base and increasing their height via bedrock incision. The climatic forcing could be imparted by several mechanisms, including local controls on debris generation / mobilization and base level changes exerted by transverse streams. Similar processes may have occurred during previous glacial‐interglacial transitions, implying that the escarpment retreat processes may be partially modulated by orbitally‐controlled variations in Earth's climate over larger timescales. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Considerations on the chronological and causal relationships between talus flatirons and palaeoclimatic changes in central and northeastern Spain

Cited by 29 publications

References 47 publications

Quaternary-scale evolution of sequences of talus flatirons in the hyperarid Negev

Quaternary-scale evolution of sequences of talus flatirons in the hyperarid Negev

Chronology and paleoenvironmental interpretation of talus flatiron sequences in a sub‐humid mountainous area: Tremp Depression, Spanish Pyrenees

Late Pleistocene talus flatiron formation below the Coal Cliffs cuesta, Utah, USA

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