Considerations and Implications of Cannabidiol Use During Pregnancy

Sarrafpour, Syena; Urits, Ivan; Powell, Jordan; Nguyen, Diep N.; Callan, Jessica; Orhurhu, Vwaire; Simopoulos, Thomas; Viswanath, Omar; Kaye, Alan D.; Kaye, Rachel; Cornett, Elyse M.; Yazdi, Cyrus

doi:10.1007/s11916-020-00872-w

Cited by 36 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Cannabis consumption has increased in the past decade 46 , 47 and recent reports associate prenatal cannabis consumption with stillbirths and the neurodevelopmental syndrome, autism spectrum disorder 48 , 49 . Yet, cannabis and CBD oil have been used to treat labor pain 50 . In animal models, such as rats and chicken, cannabis has been shown to have detrimental effects on developing embryos 10 , 51 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medium-throughput zebrafish optogenetic platform identifies deficits in subsequent neural activity following brief early exposure to cannabidiol and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol

Kanyo

Amin

Locskai

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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In light of legislative changes and the widespread use of cannabis as a recreational and medicinal drug, delayed effects of cannabis upon brief exposure during embryonic development are of high interest as early pregnancies often go undetected. Here, zebrafish embryos were exposed to cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) until the end of gastrulation (1–10 h post-fertilization) and analyzed later in development (4–5 days post-fertilization). In order to measure neural activity, we implemented Calcium-Modulated Photoactivatable Ratiometric Integrator (CaMPARI) and optimized the protocol for a 96-well format complemented by locomotor analysis. Our results revealed that neural activity was decreased by CBD more than THC. At higher doses, both cannabinoids could dramatically reduce neural activity and locomotor activity. Interestingly, the decrease was more pronounced when CBD and THC were combined. At the receptor level, CBD-mediated reduction of locomotor activity was partially prevented using cannabinoid type 1 and 2 receptor inhibitors. Overall, we report that CBD toxicity occurs via two cannabinoid receptors and is synergistically enhanced by THC exposure to negatively impact neural activity late in larval development. Future studies are warranted to reveal other cannabinoids and their receptors to understand the implications of cannabis consumption on fetal development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medium-throughput zebrafish optogenetic platform identifies deficits in subsequent neural activity following brief early exposure to cannabidiol and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol

Kanyo

Amin

Locskai

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cannabis consumption has increased in the past decade 46,47 and reports emerged associating prenatal cannabis consumption with stillbirths and autism spectrum disorder, a neurodevelopmental syndrome 48,49 . Yet, cannabis and CBD oil have been used by consumers to treat labor pain 50 . In animal models, such as rats and chicken, cannabis has been shown to have detrimental effects on developing embryos 10, 51 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medium-throughput zebrafish optogenetic platform identifies deficits in subsequent neural activity following brief early exposure to cannabidiol and Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol

Kanyo

Amin

Locskai

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the light of legislative changes and the wide spread use of cannabis as a recreational and medicinal drug, delayed effects of cannabis upon brief exposure during embryonic development are of high interest as early pregnancies often go undetected. Here, zebrafish larvae were exposed to cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) until the end of gastrulation (1-10 hours post-fertilization) and analyzed later in development (4-5 days post-fertilization). In order to measure neural activity, we implemented CaMPARI (Calcium-Modulated Photoactivatable Ratiometric Integrator) and optimized the protocol for a 96-well format complemented by locomotor analysis. Our results revealed that neural activity was decreased by CBD more than THC. At higher doses both cannabinoids could dramatically reduce neural activity and locomotor activity. Interestingly, the decrease was more pronounced when CBD and THC were combined. At the receptor level, CBD-mediated reduction of locomotor activity was partially prevented using cannabinoid type 1 and 2 receptor inhibitors. Overall, we provided a mechanistic link between CBD toxicity and two cannabinoid receptors in vivo while showing how CBD and THC exposure impacts neural activity. Future studies are warranted to reveal other cannabinoids and receptors involved in this pathway to understand the full health implications of cannabis consumption on fetal development.

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“…While there has been some conflict regarding the health effects of cannabis use during pregnancy, the literature is now converging to indicate that cannabis use during pregnancy is harmful, as it is linked to low birth weight, preterm birth, and admission to neonatal intensive care (Conner et al, 2016;Gunn et al, 2016;Campbell et al, 2018;Serino Ma et al, 2018;Brown et al, 2019b;Nashed et al, 2020;Sarrafpour et al, 2020). This emergence of literature may be related to the fact that the potency of THC in cannabis has increased by 375% from the 1980s to 2015 (ElSohly et al, 2016;Brown et al, 2019b).…”

Section: Stress and Cannabis Use During Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the growing evidence for harmful effects of cannabis use during pregnancy, many pregnant women who report using cannabis also report low perceptions of harm (Sarrafpour et al, 2020). Specifically, 70% of pregnant women reported perceiving that there was "no risk" or "slight risk" if women use cannabis 1-2 times per week during pregnancy (Ko et al, 2018;Corsi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Stress and Cannabis Use During Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preliminary evidence shows that chronic cannabis use may alter stress responses (Cuttler et al, 2017;DeAngelis and al'Absi, 2020). Moreover, there are documented sex differences and pregnancy-specific risks for substance use, including cannabis (Hernandez-Avila et al, 2004;Conner et al, 2016;Gunn et al, 2016;Campbell et al, 2018;Serino Ma et al, 2018;Brown et al, 2019b;Nashed et al, 2020;Sarrafpour et al, 2020). Consequently, the roles of sex and pregnancy should be considered when describing the relationship between stress and cannabis use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Impact of Acute and Chronic Cannabis Use on Stress Response Regulation: Challenging the Belief That Cannabis Is an Effective Method for Coping

Al’Absi

Allen

2021

Front. Psychol.

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Although research has only recently started to examine the impact of cannabis use on stress response, there is some evidence that indicates acute and chronic impacts of cannabis on these processes. In this paper, we review processes involved in regulating the stress response and we review the influence of acute and chronic exposure to cannabis on patterns and regulation of the stress response. We also highlight the role of stress as a risk factor for initiation and maintenance of cannabis use. In this context, we examine moderating variables, including sex and life adversity. In light of recent observations indicating increasing prevalence of cannabis use during pregnancy, we provide additional focus on cannabis use in this vulnerable population, including how acute and chronic stress may predispose some individuals to use cannabis during pregnancy. While this line of research is in its infancy, we review available articles that focus on the perinatal period and that examined the association between cannabis use and various life stressors, including partner violence, job loss, and lack of housing. We also review psychiatric co-morbidities (e.g., post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety). A better understanding of the way stress and cannabis use relate within the general population, as well as within certain subgroups that may be at a greater risk of using and/or at greater risk for adverse outcomes of use, may lead to the development of novel prevention and intervention approaches.

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Considerations and Implications of Cannabidiol Use During Pregnancy

Cited by 36 publications

References 75 publications

Medium-throughput zebrafish optogenetic platform identifies deficits in subsequent neural activity following brief early exposure to cannabidiol and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol

Medium-throughput zebrafish optogenetic platform identifies deficits in subsequent neural activity following brief early exposure to cannabidiol and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol

Medium-throughput zebrafish optogenetic platform identifies deficits in subsequent neural activity following brief early exposure to cannabidiol and Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol

Impact of Acute and Chronic Cannabis Use on Stress Response Regulation: Challenging the Belief That Cannabis Is an Effective Method for Coping

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