Conserving Wheat Genetic Resources

Guzzon, Filippo; Gianella, Maraeva; Giovannini, Peter; Payne, Thomas

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-90673-3_17

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…These resources are acquired through the collection projects and from other germplasm collections. Genebanks preserve and make this germplasm representing wild relatives, landraces, and varieties available ( Gabriel, 1992 ; Guzzon et al., 2022 ). Genetic diversity within collections plays a crucial role in long-term crop sustainability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity, population structure, and taxonomic confirmation in annual medic (Medicago spp.) collections from Crimea, Ukraine

Zhao,

Sapkota,

Lin

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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Annual medic (Medicago spp.) germplasm was collected from the Crimean Peninsula of Ukraine in 2008 to fill gaps in geographic coverage in the United States department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) temperate-adapted forage legume collection. A total of 102 accessions across 10 Medicago species were collected. To assess genetic diversity, population structure, and to confirm taxonomic identities, the collections were phenotypically and genetically characterized. Phenotyping included the use of 24 descriptor traits while genetic characterization was accomplished using a 3K Diversity Array Technologies (DArTag) panel developed for alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). For both field and molecular characterizations, a reference set of 92 geographically diverse and species-representative accessions were obtained from the NPGS collection. Phenotypic descriptors showed consistency among replicated plants within accessions, some variation across accessions within species, and evident distinctions between species. Because the DArTag panel was developed for cultivated alfalfa, the transferability of markers to the species being evaluated was limited, resulting in an average of ~1,500 marker loci detected per species. From these loci, 448 markers were present in 95% of the samples. Principal component and phylogenetic analysis based on a larger set of 2,396 selected markers clustered accessions by species and predicted evolutionary relationships among species. Additionally, the markers aided in the taxonomic identity of a few accessions that were likely mislabeled. The genotyping results also showed that sampling individual plants for these mostly self-pollinating species is sufficient due to high reproducibility between single (n=3) and pooled (n=7) biological replicate leaf samples. The phenotyping and the 2,396 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) marker set were useful in estimating population structure in the Crimean and reference accessions, highlighting novel and unique genetic diversity captured in the Crimean accessions. This research not only demonstrated the utility of the DArTag marker panel in evaluating the Crimean germplasm but also highlighted its broader application in assessing genetic resources within the Medicago genus. Furthermore, we anticipate that our findings will underscore the importance of leveraging genetic resources and advanced genotyping tools for sustainable crop improvement and biodiversity conservation in annual medic species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity, population structure, and taxonomic confirmation in annual medic (Medicago spp.) collections from Crimea, Ukraine

Zhao,

Sapkota,

Lin

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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A platform for whole-genome speed introgression from Aegilops tauschii to wheat for breeding future crops

Li,

Zhu,

Fan

et al. 2023

Nat Protoc

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The importance of conserving crop wild relatives in preparing agriculture for climate change

et al. 2022

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Climate change is widely acknowledged to have severe implications for global food production and therefore food security. Utilising crop wild relatives (CWR) to help build resilience in domesticated crops is seen as part of the solution assuming that important genetic traits can be transferred to domesticated crops and that the resulting improved crop varieties can be farmed on a sufficiently large scale. CWR can be exploited as a valuable source of alleles related to adaptive traits to counter abiotic and biotic stresses resulting from climate change, and to improve yield and nutrition. This review aims to critically analyse the degree to which CWR have been utilised by crop breeders and researchers and will draw conclusions about the importance of CWR in preparing agriculture for climate change. Examples for CWR-derived improved varieties of nine major crops and at different plant development stages are presented. However, working with CWR is often seen as ‘marginal’. It is problematic due to the complex processes involved and length of time needed for traditional crop breeding, shortage of funds, the limited availability of CWR germplasm, overcoming risk aversion among farmers, and a reluctance by the wider agricultural community to appreciate the scale of the problem and to embrace the potential benefits that could derive from using CWR in crop breeding. Given the observed lack of availability the observed lack of availability of CWR in accessible germplasm collections, additional resources must be directed towards ensuring CWR are protected in situ and conserved ex situ so they can be made available to researchers.

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Conserving Wheat Genetic Resources

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Genetic diversity, population structure, and taxonomic confirmation in annual medic (Medicago spp.) collections from Crimea, Ukraine

Genetic diversity, population structure, and taxonomic confirmation in annual medic (Medicago spp.) collections from Crimea, Ukraine

A platform for whole-genome speed introgression from Aegilops tauschii to wheat for breeding future crops

The importance of conserving crop wild relatives in preparing agriculture for climate change

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