Conserving grain on the small farm in the tropics

Hindmarsh, P.S.; Tyler, P.S.; Webley, D. J.

doi:10.1177/003072707800900504

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Subsistence agriculture requires that the farmer store a percentage of staple food to feed his family and livestock between harvests (Hindmarsh et al, 1978). Giles (1964) has suggested that the largest quantity of food in the tropics is stored in the traditional farmer's small granaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bruchid control with traditionally used insecticidal plants Hyptis spicigera and Cassia nigricans

Lambert

Gale

Arnason

et al. 1985

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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Losses of stored seed to insects in the tropics have reached levels of major concern. Synthetic insecticides, while effective, are generally very expensive for small fanners. The efficacy of two plants, Hyptis spicigera and Cassia nigricans, used by farmers to control insect infestation in stored cowpeas was determined. The oviposition and hatching of bean weevils {Acanthoscelides obtectus), under controlled environmental conditions, were reduced following treatment with EtOH extracts (1 g plant material 1 ml EtOH) at low application rates with EC 50 between 0.3 and 14 n\ extract/g bean. Further field studies are proposed to determine if such natural products can be further exploited to reduce stored legume losses.Resume-Les pertes causees par les insectes aux graines entreposees ont atteint un niveau d'alerte. Les insectcides synthetiques bien qu'efflcaces sont generalement tres couteux pour les petits planteurs. On a determine l'efficacite de deux plantes Hyptis spicigera et Cassia nigricans utilisees par les planteurs pour lutter contre les infestations d'insectes attaquant les pois blancs. L'oviposition et l'eclosion des charancons (Acanthoscelides objectus) a des conditions d'elevage controlees a ete reduite suite a un traitement d'extraits alcooliques (un g/ml) a des doses faibles ayant une CE,,, de 0.3-14 ^1 d'extrait par gramme de pois. Nous proposons des evaluations sur le terrain pour determiner si Ton peut envisager l'utilisation de ce genre de produit naturel pour reduire les pertes en legumineuses emmagasinees.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bruchid control with traditionally used insecticidal plants Hyptis spicigera and Cassia nigricans

Lambert

Gale

Arnason

et al. 1985

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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“…It prefers to feed and develop on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp), but it is also known to feed on other legume seeds (Applebaum et al 1970). Subsistence agriculture requires that the farmer store a percentage of staple food to feed his family and livestock between harvests (Hindmarsh et al 1978). The largest quantity of food in the tropics is stored in traditional farmer's granaries and in most cases under one roof (Lambert et al 1985;Stathers et al 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative susceptibility of different legume seeds to infestation by cowpea bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

G¹,

M²

2009

Plant Prot. Sci.

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The comparative susceptibility of seeds of ten legumes to infestation by Callosobruchus maculatus was studied in choice and no-choice experiments. Cowpea, garden pea and pigeon pea seeds recorded the significantly highest number of eggs oviposited and percentage adult emergence, the shortest developmental period, highest susceptibility indices and the highest weight loss. In a choice experiment, treatments which had a cowpea mixture recorded the maximum number of eggs deposited on that legume. The order for ovipositional preference for all legume seeds remained almost the same irrespective of the host on which C. maculatus had been reared. Also, there was no association between the seeds preferred for oviposition and culture on which the bruchid was reared. Cowpea and pigeon pea seeds were found to be highly susceptible to C. maculatus, whereas common bean, black gram and chickpea seeds were the least susceptible.

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“…The pyrethroids used were beta cyfluthrin, 12.5%; deltamethrin, 2.5%; and alpha cypermethrin, 10% at doses of 0.250 and 0.125 ppm each. The main criterion for selecting these insecticides was their low mammalian toxicity (Hindmarsh et al, 1978). All formulations used were emulsifiable concentrates (EC).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual toxicity of beta cyfluthrin, alpha cypermethrin and deltamethrin against Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on stored wheat

Athanassiou

Kavallieratos

Vayias

et al. 2004

Appl. Entomol. Zool.

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Conserving grain on the small farm in the tropics

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Bruchid control with traditionally used insecticidal plants Hyptis spicigera and Cassia nigricans

Bruchid control with traditionally used insecticidal plants Hyptis spicigera and Cassia nigricans

Comparative susceptibility of different legume seeds to infestation by cowpea bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Residual toxicity of beta cyfluthrin, alpha cypermethrin and deltamethrin against Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on stored wheat

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