Conserving Biological Diversity in Agricultural/Forestry Systems

Pimentel, David; Stachow, Ulrich; Takács, Dávid; Brubaker, H. W.; Dumas, Amy R.; Meaney, John J.; O'Neil, John A. S.; Onsi, Douglas E.; Corzilius, David B.

doi:10.2307/1311782

Cited by 507 publications

(251 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Agricultural landscapes occupy about 40% of all terrestrial ecosystems [1], providing habitat for many animal and plant species worldwide [2]. The intensification of agricultural practices has however resulted in a general decline of farmland species adapted to more extensive farming [3][4][5], in response to a mixture of local (field or farm levels) and regional (landscape) processes, such as increased use of pesticides [6] and fertilizers [7], shortened crop succession [3], landscape simplification [1] and territory specialization [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic fields sustain weed metacommunity dynamics in farmland landscapes

et al. 2015

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Agro-ecosystems constitute essential habitat for many organisms. Agricultural intensification, however, has caused a strong decline of farmland biodiversity. Organic farming (OF) is often presented as a more biodiversity-friendly practice, but the generality of the beneficial effects of OF is debated as the effects appear often species-and context-dependent, and current research has highlighted the need to quantify the relative effects of local-and landscape-scale management on farmland biodiversity. Yet very few studies have investigated the landscapelevel effects of OF; that is to say, how the biodiversity of a field is affected by the presence or density of organically farmed fields in the surrounding landscape. We addressed this issue using the metacommunity framework, with weed species richness in winter wheat within an intensively farmed landscape in France as model system. Controlling for the effects of local and landscape structure, we showed that OF leads to higher local weed diversity and that the presence of OF in the landscape is associated with higher local weed biodiversity also for conventionally farmed fields, and may reach a similar biodiversity level to organic fields in field margins. Based on these results, we derive indications for improving the sustainable management of farming systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic fields sustain weed metacommunity dynamics in farmland landscapes

et al. 2015

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“…The average support given (USD/ha/5 years) for conservation of biodiversity is 177.92, for agroforestry crops under shade is 162.77, for hydrological services is 162.15, and the elaboration of projects related to carbon sequestration is also paid (SEMARNAT-SHCP 2009). Maintaining biological diversity is essential for productive agriculture, and ecologically sustainable agriculture is in turn essential for maintaining biological diversity (Pimentel et al 1992). In places where the new conditions are not favorable for coffee and the payment of environmental services is not suitable, some suggestions could be to change to other crops that maintain forest cover and diversity, diversify the agricultural areas implementing more crops, or change the cropping pattern in warm regions shifting toward patterns used in hotter regions (Butt et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic vulnerability to climate change in the central mountainous region of eastern Mexico

Esperón-Rodríguez

Bonifacio-Bautista

Barradas

2015

Ambio

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Climate change effects are expected to be more severe for some segments of society than others. In Mexico, climate variability associated with climate change has important socio-economic and environmental impacts. From the central mountainous region of eastern Veracruz, Mexico, we analyzed data of total annual precipitation and mean annual temperature from 26 meteorological stations and from General Circulation Models. We developed climate change scenarios based on the observed trends with projections to 2025, 2050, 2075, and 2100, finding considerable local climate changes with reductions in precipitation of over 700 mm and increases in temperature of *9°C for the year 2100. Deforested areas located at windward were considered more vulnerable, representing potential risk for natural environments, local communities, and the main crops cultivated (sugarcane, coffee, and corn). Socio-economic vulnerability is exacerbated in areas where temperature increases and precipitation decreases.

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“…De façon générale, les études sur la biodiversité des milieux perturbés ont mis en évidence que des vestiges de la forêt naturelle, des haies, des brise-vent et des boisés dans le paysage rural augmentent la biodiversité (Pimentel et al 1992).…”

Section: Les éCotones Et Les Haiesunclassified

Contribution de l'écologie du paysage à la diversification des agroécosystèmes à des fins de phytoprotection

Estévez¹,

Domon²,

Lucas³

2005

phyto

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Cet article de synthèse établit un lien entre la diversification des systèmes agricoles et le contrôle naturel des insectes ravageurs d'une part, et l'écologie du paysage d'autre part. L'analyse de la revue de littérature réalisée suggère que cette jeune science et le recours à la géomatique pourraient non seulement permettre de concevoir de nouvelles approches en recherche, mais aussi de participer à l'aménagement des agroécosystèmes à des fins de phytoprotection dans une perspective d'agriculture durable au Québec.In this review we establish a link between the diversification of agricultural systems and natural control of crop pests in one hand, and in the other hand the potential contribution of a young science, landscape ecology, which associated with geomatic, can elaborate new ways in research and take part in managing agroecosystems for crop protection in a sustainable manner in Québec

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Conserving Biological Diversity in Agricultural/Forestry Systems

Cited by 507 publications

References 38 publications

Organic fields sustain weed metacommunity dynamics in farmland landscapes

Organic fields sustain weed metacommunity dynamics in farmland landscapes

Socio-economic vulnerability to climate change in the central mountainous region of eastern Mexico

Contribution de l'écologie du paysage à la diversification des agroécosystèmes à des fins de phytoprotection

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