Conserved karyotypes in the Hyla pulchella species group (Anura, Hylidae)

Abstract

Cytogenetic analyses were done on specimens of Hyla marginata and on three populations of H. semiguttata differing in morphology and in the physical parameters of their advertisement call, as well as in individuals of Hyla sp. (aff. semiguttata ). All specimens had 2n0/24 chromosomes with a morphology very similar to that of other 24-chromosome Hyla species. Hyla semiguttata and H. marginata showed the same C-banding pattern but were distinguished by the location of the NOR on pair 1 in H. semiguttata (in the three populations) and Hyla sp. (aff. semiguttata ), and on pair 10 in H. marginata. The H. semiguttata populations did not differ cytogenetically, despite variations in their morphology and advertisement calls. Similarly, H. semiguttata and H. p. joaquini studied previously had identical C-banding patterns and NOR locations, suggesting that they are very closely related.

Dynamics of chromosomal evolution in the genus Hypsiboas (Anura: Hylidae)

“…On the other hand, NORs in species and populations of Hypsiboas are variable, although most species presented single NORs located interstitially on long arms of mediumsized to small chromosomes (pairs 7, 10, and 11; present study; Ananias et al, 2004;Gruber et al, 2006;Nunes and Fagundes, 2008). Besides interspecific variation, 2 populations of H. crepitans (present study; Gruber et al, 2006) also differed in relation to the NOR-bearing pair.…”

“…Within Hypsiboas, cytogenetic data have been shown for only 16% of the species, most of which have been derived based on conventional karyotype descriptions, and thus, some inferences about their chromosomal evolution that need to be determined using banding techniques are missing (Raber et al, 2004;Ananias et al, 2004;Gruber et al, 2006;Nunes and Fagundes, 2008;Carvalho et al, 2009). …”

Patterns of ribosomal DNA distribution in hylid frogs from the Hypsiboas faber and H. semilineatus species groups

“…H. prasinus and H. pulchellus (Ananias et al, 2004) (Raber et al, 2004) and H. marginatus (Ananias et al, 2004) are arranged in a third monophyletic clade species group and present AgNORs in pair 10, at the telomeric position of the long arm of H. guentheri and H. bischoffi, and at the pericentromeric region in H. marginatus. These differences in NORs location can be explained by pericentric inversion.…”

“…In the H. pulchellus group, a sister group of H. faber, the species H. semiguttatus and H. joaquini (Ananias et al, 2004) grouped in a monophyletic clade and shared the presence of a telomeric Ag-NOR in pair 1. H. prasinus and H. pulchellus (Ananias et al, 2004) (Raber et al, 2004) and H. marginatus (Ananias et al, 2004) are arranged in a third monophyletic clade species group and present AgNORs in pair 10, at the telomeric position of the long arm of H. guentheri and H. bischoffi, and at the pericentromeric region in H. marginatus.…”

“…About 25% of the known anuran species had their karyotype described until the 90s (Kuramoto, 1990;King, 1990), but the studies were mainly based on conventional staining analyses providing insufficient data to characterize species of hylids. More recent studies, which included chromosome banding (mainly C-banding and BrdU incorporation) and localization of the nucleolus organizer regions (NORs), revealed some minor differences among species, which became important tools in comparative chromosome analyses (Baldissera et al, 1993;Schmid et al, 1995;Silva et al, 2000;Kasahara et al, 2003;Ananias et al, 2004;Raber et al, 2004).…”