Conserved G-matrices of morphological and life-history traits among continental and island blue tit populations

Delahaie, Boris; Charmantier, Anne; Chantepie, Stéphane; Garant, Dany; Porlier, Mélody; Teplitsky, Céline

doi:10.1038/hdy.2017.15

Cited by 37 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Such spring warming might reinforce the strength of selection acting on laying date by 139% (a multiplication by almost 2.5), meaning that differences in fledging success between blue tits will keep increasing depending on their laying dates. However, these results must be considered with caution because the population should theoretically respond by advancing its breeding timing (a heritable trait in this population, h² = 0.11 Delahaie et al, 2017). Moreover, mean laying date is expected to advance only if the causal factor (the caterpillar peak) modulating selection pressure remains associated with spring warming (Charmantier & Gienapp, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Current spring warming as a driver of selection on reproductive timing in a wild passerine

Marrot

Charmantier

Blondel

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Ecology

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Evolutionary adaptation as a response to climate change is expected for fitness-related traits affected by climate and exhibiting genetic variance. Although the relationship between warmer spring temperature and earlier timing of reproduction is well documented, quantifications and predictions of the impact of global warming on natural selection acting on phenology in wild populations remain rare. If global warming affects fitness in a similar way across individuals within a population, or if fitness consequences are independent of phenotypic variation in key-adaptive traits, then no evolutionary response is expected for these traits. Here, we quantified the selection pressures acting on laying date during a 24-year monitoring of blue tits in southern Mediterranean France, a hot spot of climate warming. We explored the temporal fluctuation in annual selection gradients and we determined its temperature-related drivers. We first investigated the month-specific warming since 1970 in our study site and tested its influence on selection pressures, using a model averaging approach. Then, we quantified the selection strength associated with temperature anomalies experienced by the blue tit population. We found that natural selection acting on laying date significantly fluctuated both in magnitude and in sign across years. After identifying a significant warming in spring and summer, we showed that warmer daily maximum temperatures in April were significantly associated with stronger selection pressures for reproductive timing. Our results indicated an increase in the strength of selection by 46% for every +1°C anomaly. Our results confirm the general assumption that recent climate change translates into strong selection favouring earlier breeders in passerine birds. Our findings also suggest that differences in fitness among individuals varying in their breeding phenology increase with climate warming. Such climate-driven influence on the strength of directional selection acting on laying date could favour an adaptive response in this trait, since it is heritable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Current spring warming as a driver of selection on reproductive timing in a wild passerine

Marrot

Charmantier

Blondel

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Ecology

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“…The strong divergence in genetic variances of the G ‐matrix structures (but with no divergence in genetic correlations) between regions is consistent with many other studies that have compared the G ‐matrix among populations within a species (e.g. Brodie, ; Podolsky et al ., ; Ashman, ; Cano et al ., ; Arnold et al ., ; Teplitsky et al ., ; Delahaie et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The genetic variance but not the genetic covariance of life‐history traits changes towards the north in a time‐constrained insect

Śniegula

Gołąb

Drobniak

et al. 2018

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Seasonal time constraints are usually stronger at higher than lower latitudes and can exert strong selection on life-history traits and the correlations among these traits. To predict the response of life-history traits to environmental change along a latitudinal gradient, information must be obtained about genetic variance in traits and also genetic correlation between traits, that is the genetic variance-covariance matrix, G. Here, we estimated G for key life-history traits in an obligate univoltine damselfly that faces seasonal time constraints. We exposed populations to simulated native temperatures and photoperiods and common garden environmental conditions in a laboratory set-up. Despite differences in genetic variance in these traits between populations (lower variance at northern latitudes), there was no evidence for latitude-specific covariance of the life-history traits. At simulated native conditions, all populations showed strong genetic and phenotypic correlations between traits that shaped growth and development. The variance-covariance matrix changed considerably when populations were exposed to common garden conditions compared with the simulated natural conditions, showing the importance of environmentally induced changes in multivariate genetic structure. Our results highlight the importance of estimating variance-covariance matrixes in environments that mimic selection pressures and not only trait variances or mean trait values in common garden conditions for understanding the trait evolution across populations and environments.

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“…The complexities of all these forces interacting have meant that theoretical predictions for how G will change over time have been intractable and the dynamics of G must be studied empirically (Turelli 1988;Revell 2007). There have been several empirical and simulation studies on the stability of G, but results are equivocal, and the difficulty in rigorously estimating one G matrix, let alone multiple G matrices, has meant that we do not yet have a clear picture of how G varies in space and time (Arnold et al 2008;Aguirre et al 2014;Delahaie et al 2017). The advent of statistical methods that allow for rigorous comparison of multiple G matrices-while accounting for uncertainty in each--has increased the impetus and utility of more empirical research on G matrix variability (Delahaie et al 2017).…”

Section: Divergences Between G Matrices and Their Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduced populations of ragweed show as much evolutionary potential as native populations

McGoey

Stinchcombe

2018

Preprint

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Invasive species are a global economic and ecological problem. They also offer an opportunity to understand evolutionary processes in a colonizing context. The impacts of evolutionary factors, such as genetic variation, on the invasion process are increasingly appreciated but there remain gaps in the empirical literature. The adaptive potential of populations can be quantified using genetic variance-covariance matrices (G), which encapsulate the heritable genetic variance in a population. Here, we use a multivariate, Bayesian approach to assess the adaptive potential of introduced populations of ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, a serious allergen and agricultural weed. We compared several aspects of genetic architecture and the structure of G matrices between three native and three introduced populations, based on data collected in the field in a common garden experiment. We find moderate differences in the quantitative genetic architecture among populations, but we do not find that introduced populations suffer from a limited adaptive potential compared to native populations. Ragweed has an annual life history, is an obligate outcrosser, and produces billions of seeds and pollen grains per. These characteristics, combined with the significant additive genetic variance documented here, suggest ragweed will be able to respond quickly to selection pressures in both its native and introduced ranges.

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Conserved G-matrices of morphological and life-history traits among continental and island blue tit populations

Cited by 37 publications

References 99 publications

Current spring warming as a driver of selection on reproductive timing in a wild passerine

Current spring warming as a driver of selection on reproductive timing in a wild passerine

The genetic variance but not the genetic covariance of life‐history traits changes towards the north in a time‐constrained insect

Introduced populations of ragweed show as much evolutionary potential as native populations

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