Conservationist geopolitics: Brazilian foreign policy and the South Atlantic Whale Sanctuary

Marcondes, Danilo

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104054

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Despite being based on a small number of whales, identification of these kinds of exchanges reinforce the importance of international cooperation to the conservancy of whales. This connection across the South Atlantic supports proposals of a South Atlantic Whale Sanctuary (SAWS) by Brazil and South Africa to the IWC 64 and should stimulate more collaborative efforts of countries that share the South Atlantic Ocean. It also informs the Convention of Migratory Species (CMS) on humpback whale exchanges across stocks previously unidentified in the scientific literature, as for example, in seabirds 65 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Interchange of Southern Hemisphere humpback whales across the South Atlantic Ocean

Ramos¹,

Cheeseman

Marcondes

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The cosmopolitan distribution of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) is largely driven by migrations between winter low-latitude breeding grounds and summer high-latitude feeding grounds. Southern Hemisphere humpback whales faced intensive exploitation during the whaling eras and recently show evidence of population recovery. Gene flow and shared song indicate overlap between the western (A) and eastern (B1, B2) Breeding Stocks in the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans (C1). Here, we investigated photo-identification evidence of population interchange using images of individuals photographed during boat-based tourism and research in Brazil and South Africa from 1989 to 2022. Fluke images were uploaded to Happywhale, a global digital database for marine mammal identification. Six whales were recaptured between countries from 2002 to 2021 with resighting intervals ranging from 0.76 to 12.92 years. Four whales originally photographed off Abrolhos Bank, Brazil were photographed off the Western Cape, South Africa (feeding grounds for B2). Two whales originally photographed off the Western Cape were photographed off Brazil, one traveling to the Eastern Cape in the Southwestern Indian Ocean (a migration corridor for C1) before migrating westward to Brazil. These findings photographically confirm interchange of humpback whales across the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans and the importance of international collaboration to understand population boundaries.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Interchange of Southern Hemisphere humpback whales across the South Atlantic Ocean

Ramos¹,

Cheeseman

Marcondes

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…Durante a década de 1970, o Brasil adotou posições diplomáticas firmes que criticavam a proteção ambiental, associando-a, na época, à restrição do desenvolvimento nacional em países de industrialização recente (Marcondes, 2020). Países com regimes autoritários e altas taxas de crescimento econômico, como o Brasil, viam com preocupação o surgimento dos movimentos ambientais por dois temores principais: o questionamento de políticas que davam sustentação ao crescimento econômico e a possibilidade de criação de um novo fator de desestabilização (Lago, 2013).…”

Section: A Atuação Diplomática Do Brasil Na Proteção Das Baleias E O ...unclassified

“…Nas últimas décadas, o país tem se envolvido em acordos e iniciativas regionais e globais para promover a conservação marinha, fortalecendo a proteção das baleias e dos ecossistemas marinhos em âmbito global. Um exemplo disso é a proposta de criação do Santuário de Baleias do Atlântico Sul (Marcondes, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…A história de ascensão e queda da caça às baleias no Brasil é bem documentada (Faflik, 2022;Edmundson, Hart, 2014;Ellis, 1969 como revisão). No entanto, há poucos estudos (Marcondes, 2020;Vianna, 2003) que enfocam a diplomacia brasileira e a política internacional de proteção às baleias, desde a entrada do país na Convenção Internacional para a Regulamentação da Caça à Baleia (Cirb). Por esse motivo, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo traçar uma narrativa histórica que aborda a trajetória do Brasil e da sua postura diplomática relacionada à caça, conservação e proteção das baleias em suas águas jurisdicionais.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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A proteção e a conservação das baleias como ativos da diplomacia ambiental brasileira: oportunidades para o clima e biodiversidade

Rotella Braga,

Duleba

2024

Visões Para Um Mundo Sustentável: Abordagens Em Ciência, Tecnologia, Gestão Socioambiental E Governança

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This study aims to trace a historical account of Brazil's journey and its diplomatic stance regarding the hunting, protection, and conservation of whales within its jurisdictional waters. Additionally, it seeks to analyze how these efforts relate to and reinforce other environmental treaties. To achieve these objectives, diplomatic documents, reference works, and academic research on the subject were examined. Document analysis and bibliographic review revealed that Brazil shifted from being a hunting nation to becoming an advocate for whale conservation, driven by the global moratorium on commercial whaling and domestic and international pressures during the 1980s. Starting in 1986, Brazil implemented measures such as the ban on whale hunting, the establishment of marine parks and biological reserves, and the proposal for the South Atlantic Whale Sanctuary to the International Whaling Commission. This Brazilian stance holds the potential for diplomatic synergies with other environmental agreements, such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Convention on Biological Diversity. Brazil's engagement in whale conservation can serve as a tool of environmental diplomacy. Through cooperation with South American and African countries, Brazil can promote its conservation programs as examples of biological carbon stock restoration, contributing to global efforts to combat climate change and preserve marine biodiversity in the South Atlantic. These actions can bolster Brazil's discourse in international forums and enhance its image as an environmental advocate.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Visões para um mundo sustentável: Abordagens em ciência, tecnologia, gestão socioambiental e governança

Christopoulos,

Duleba,

Ribeiro

et al. 2024

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É proibida a reprodução total ou parcial por quaisquer meios sem autorização escrita da editora.Todos os direitos reservados pela Editora Edgard Blücher Ltda. Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação (CIP)Angélica Ilacqua CRB-8/7057Visões para um mundo sustentável : abordagens em ciência, tecnologia, gestão socioambiental e governança / organizado por Tania Pereira Christopoulos...

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Conservationist geopolitics: Brazilian foreign policy and the South Atlantic Whale Sanctuary

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Interchange of Southern Hemisphere humpback whales across the South Atlantic Ocean

Interchange of Southern Hemisphere humpback whales across the South Atlantic Ocean

A proteção e a conservação das baleias como ativos da diplomacia ambiental brasileira: oportunidades para o clima e biodiversidade

Visões para um mundo sustentável: Abordagens em ciência, tecnologia, gestão socioambiental e governança

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