Conservation status and overview of threats to seabirds

Phillips, Richard A.; Fort, Jérôme; Dias, Maria P.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-88539-3.00015-7

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 175 publications

(203 reference statements)

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“…In recent decades, the conservation status of birds globally has deteriorated as a result of decreased survival rate due to the impacts of anthropic activities (BirdLife International, 2018a; Croxall et al, 2012; Dias et al, 2019; Jiménez et al, 2015; Phillips, Fort & Dias, 2022). Seabirds, particularly those with pelagic habits such as albatrosses, are among the most threatened birds (Dias et al, 2019; Phillips, Fort & Dias, 2022). The main at‐sea threat is the interaction with commercial fisheries although other factors such climate change and pollution also affect a number of species (BirdLife International, 2018a; Dias et al, 2019; Grémillet et al, 2018; Jiménez et al, 2015; Quadri Adrogué et al, 2019; Roman et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to include all age classes when studying patterns of associations with threats, such as fishing activity as a proxy of risk of bycatch, and for the development of Marine Protected Areas. In recent decades, the conservation status of birds globally has deteriorated as a result of decreased survival rate due to the impacts of anthropic activities (BirdLife International, 2018a;Croxall et al, 2012;Dias et al, 2019;Jiménez et al, 2015;Phillips, Fort & Dias, 2022).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Seabirds, particularly those with pelagic habits such as albatrosses, are among the most threatened birds (Dias et al, 2019;Phillips, Fort & Dias, 2022). The main at-sea threat is the interaction with commercial fisheries although other factors such climate change and pollution also affect a number of species (BirdLife International, 2018a;Dias et al, 2019;Grémillet et al, 2018;Jiménez et al, 2015;Quadri Adrogué et al, 2019;Roman et al, 2021).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Foraging habitat suitability of black‐browed albatrosses Thalassarche melanophris wintering in the South‐west Atlantic Ocean: Acknowledging age class to improve conservation management

Paz,

Seco Pon,

Krüger

et al. 2024

Aquatic Conservation

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Seabirds, particularly albatrosses, are among the most threatened birds as a result of their continuous exposure to anthropic pressures including interaction with commercial fisheries, climate change and pollution. Several studies that have focused on the spatial distribution of foraging seabirds have identified a certain level of segregation between age classes. The black‐browed albatross Thalassarche melanophris is the most abundant albatross species in the South‐west Atlantic Ocean and the main pelagic seabird interacting with a range of fishing fleets. There is a considerable lack of knowledge about the biology of immature individuals and on habitat suitability of the species during non‐breeding season (winter). The aim of this study was to assess the foraging habitat suitability of the black‐browed albatross in the South‐west Atlantic during the austral winter, analysing differences between adults and immatures individuals. Habitat suitability models were based on foraging locations recorded by 15 satellite transmitters deployed on six adults and nine immature individuals between 2011 and 2015. Remotely sensed oceanographic data were used to characterize suitable foraging habitat for the albatrosses. Differences were found in foraging habitat suitability by age class, with adult selecting areas located in deeper waters over the continental shelf break as well as in neritic zones under cooler water temperatures, whereas immature individuals foraged chiefly off coastal waters having more moderate temperatures. Knowing habitat suitability and segregation patterns within‐species is key for the conservation of critical marine habitats given that, by only considering one age class, other important habitats would be neglected and not considered in conservation efforts to mitigate threats such as incidental mortality. It is important to include all age classes when studying patterns of associations with threats, such as fishing activity as a proxy of risk of bycatch, and for the development of Marine Protected Areas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Foraging habitat suitability of black‐browed albatrosses Thalassarche melanophris wintering in the South‐west Atlantic Ocean: Acknowledging age class to improve conservation management

Paz,

Seco Pon,

Krüger

et al. 2024

Aquatic Conservation

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“…As a result, they act as excellent indicators of the overall health of marine ecosystems (Hazen et al., 2019; Paiva, 2022). However, seabirds are among the most threatened vertebrate groups and therefore require significant conservation attention (Dias et al., 2019; Phillips et al., 2023). To enhance their protection and conservation status, European Union enforces their member states, through the Birds Directive (Directive 2009/147/EC), to designate areas of special importance for the conservation of endangered bird species as special protection areas (SPAs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using long‐term data series to design adequate protected areas that ensure the conservation of inconspicuous small petrel species

De la Cruz,

Pereira,

Paiva

et al. 2023

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Marine protected areas (MPAs) are widely used tools for conservation and management. Their correct delimitation is challenging, especially when the target species are small, elusive and inconspicuous, as little data are generally available to adequately assess their distribution at sea. Therefore, currently designated MPAs may not effectively cover key areas for small seabirds, particularly during migration and wintering seasons. We used ensemble species distribution models (ESDMs) on a 15‐year time‐series data set of at‐sea census along the Atlantic Iberian arc to predict the potential distribution of the smallest European seabird, the European storm‐petrel (Hydrobates pelagicus), and compare it with official marine special protection areas (SPAs). Occurrence of European storm‐petrel was related to shifts in sea surface temperature, and to small distances from the coast over the continental shelf. Most relevant area for the species in the Atlantic Iberian arc was west‐central Portugal to north‐western coast of the Iberian Peninsula, with an additional key area in the Gulf of Cádiz. Both zones host significant SPAs, but they inadequately cover key areas for European storm‐petrels. Our findings support extending marine SPAs in the Atlantic Iberian arc to ensure their effective protection. The distribution of the species expands over the years, varying in both size and location. These changes might be attributed to dynamic oceanographic variables, such as sea surface temperature and biomass of micronekton, which seem to play a significant role in their foraging behaviour. Synthesis and applications. Our study highlights the importance of analysing long time series and ESDMs to design adequate protected areas, which ensure the conservation of small and highly mobile species such as storm petrels. Our results should be considered by decision‐makers to prioritise and update marine protected areas, while incorporating the dynamic nature of the ocean within an ecosystem‐based approach.

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Wild bird mass mortalities in eastern Canada associated with the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) virus, 2022

Avery‐Gomm,

Barychka,

English

et al. 2024

Ecosphere

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In 2022, a severe outbreak of disease caused by clade 2.3.4.4b Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus resulted in unprecedented mortality among wild birds in eastern Canada. Tens of thousands of birds were reported sick or dead, prompting a comprehensive assessment of mortality spanning the breeding season between April 1 and September 30, 2022. Mortality reports were collated from federal, Indigenous, provincial, and municipal agencies, the Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, and other nongovernmental organizations, universities, and citizen science platforms. A scenario analysis was conducted to refine mortality estimates, accounting for potential double counts from multiple sources under a range of spatial and temporal overlaps. Correcting for double counting, HPAI is estimated to have caused 40,391 wild bird mortalities in eastern Canada during the spring and summer of 2022; however, this figure underestimates total mortality as it excludes unreported deaths on land and at sea. Seabirds and sea ducks, long‐lived species that are slow to recover from perturbations, accounted for 98.7% of estimated mortalities. Our study provides estimates of bird mortality, with Northern Gannets (Morus bassanus; 25,669), Common Murres (Uria aalge; 8133), and American Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima dresseri; 1894) exhibiting the highest mortality figures. We then compare these mortality estimates with recent population estimates and trends and make an initial assessment of whether biologically meaningful population‐level impacts are possible. Specifically, we focus on the Northern Gannet, a species that has suffered significant global mortality, and two harvested species, Common Murre and American Common Eider, to inform management decisions. Our analysis suggests population‐level impacts in eastern Canada are possible for Northern Gannets and American Common Eiders, but are unlikely for Common Murres. This study demonstrates a comprehensive approach to assessing mortality and underscores the urgent need for further research to understand the broader ecological ramifications of the HPAI outbreak on wild bird populations.

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Conservation status and overview of threats to seabirds

Cited by 13 publications

References 175 publications

Foraging habitat suitability of black‐browed albatrosses Thalassarche melanophris wintering in the South‐west Atlantic Ocean: Acknowledging age class to improve conservation management

Foraging habitat suitability of black‐browed albatrosses Thalassarche melanophris wintering in the South‐west Atlantic Ocean: Acknowledging age class to improve conservation management

Using long‐term data series to design adequate protected areas that ensure the conservation of inconspicuous small petrel species

Wild bird mass mortalities in eastern Canada associated with the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) virus, 2022

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