Conservation soybean production systems in the mid‐southern USA: I. Transitioning from conventional to conservation tillage

Bryant, Corey; Krutz, L. Jason; Reynolds, Daniel B.; Locke, Martin A.; Golden, Bobby R.; Irby, T.; Steinriede, R.W.; Spencer, G. Dave; Mills, Brian E.; Wood, C.W.

doi:10.1002/cft2.20055

Cited by 6 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Without positive yield effects following cover crops, WUE will not be improved in conservation tillage systems (Corak, Frye, & Smith, 1991). These data support the findings of Bryant et al (2020) that subsoiling must be included in mid-southern U.S. conservation tillage systems to maximize WUE.…”

Section: Water Use Efficiencysupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Field procedure dates are presented in Table 1 and herbicide timing and application rates are presented in Table 2. Soybean planting and harvest information along with cultural field management practices are described in Bryant et al (2020).…”

Section: Site Description and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As year and the interaction of treatment and year were not significant, results have been pooled across years. Further details regarding economic and statistical analysis procedures are provided in Bryant et al (2020).…”

Section: Economic and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in mid-April to early May into a stale seedbed is referred to as the early soybean production system (ESPS). Under conservation tillage systems can reduce soybean grain yield up to 13% (Bryant et al, 2020). Means to increase ground coverage and reduce tillage in the ESPS is being advocated for by the NRCS (NRCS, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservation soybean production systems in the mid‐southern USA: II. Replacing subsoiling with cover crops

Bryant

Krutz

Reynolds

et al. 2020

Crop Forage & Turfgrass Mgmt

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The adoption of cover crop production systems is lagging in the mid-southern United States due to concerns over yield stability and on-farm profitability. This research was conducted to determine if the inclusion of a cover crop in conservation tillage systems improves yield, profitability, and water use efficiency. The effects of replacing subsoiling with a cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) or tillage radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. longipinnatus) cover crop on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain yield, net returns above specified costs, and water use efficiency were evaluated in a conservation tillage system, that is, surface residue ≥30% at planting, on a Dubbs silt loam (Fine-silty, mixed, active, thermic Typic Hapludalfs) from 2016 to 2018 near Stoneville, MS. Relative to the conservation tillage system with subsoiling, the replacement of subsoiling with a tillage radish cover crop reduced soybean grain yield, net returns above specified costs, and water use efficiency by up to 41% (P ≤ 0.0266). Conversely, the replacement of subsoiling with a cereal rye cover crop had no effect on soybean grain yield or water use efficiency but reduced net returns above specified costs by 28% (P ≤ .0266). In the mid-southern United States, a cereal rye cover crop can maintain soybean grain yield and water use efficiency relative to the regional standard, but widespread adoption of this production system is unlikely due to reduced profitability associated with additional seed and planting costs.

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Section: Water Use Efficiencysupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Site Description and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Economic and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Conservation soybean production systems in the mid‐southern USA: II. Replacing subsoiling with cover crops

Bryant

Krutz

Reynolds

et al. 2020

Crop Forage & Turfgrass Mgmt

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“…For this research the soybean-growing season began the preceding fall and continued through soybean harvest. Field procedure dates are presented in Bryant et al (2020aBryant et al ( , 2020b.…”

Section: Site Description and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Furrow‐irrigation application efficiency in mid‐southern U.S. conservation tillage systems

et al. 2020

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Approximately 80% of mid‐southern U.S. irrigation requirements are supplied through gravity flow delivery systems with inherently low application efficiency. This research was conducted to determine whether the efficiency of furrow‐irrigation systems could be manipulated through conservation tillage systems. Three experiments were conducted near Stoneville, MS, on a Dubbs silt loam to determine the effects of reducing tillage and increasing ground cover residues on irrigation application efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency. In Exp. 1, transitioning from conventional tillage to a conservation tillage system had no adverse effect on irrigation application efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency when subsoiling was included. For Exp. 2, replacing subsoiling with a cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) or tillage radish (Raphanus sativus L.) cover crop in a conservation tillage system either had no effect or reduced irrigation application efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency up to 10%. In Exp. 3, independent of cover crop, reducing tillage to only furrow creation had no adverse effect on irrigation application efficiency or irrigation water use efficiency relative to a conservation tillage system with subsoiling. Conservation tillage systems that include subsoiling maximize irrigation application efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency while minimizing adverse effects on yield and net returns relative to conservation tillage systems that further reduce tillage and/or increase ground coverage with cover crops. Our data indicate that soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] producers in the mid‐southern United States maximize furrow‐irrigation functionality, yield, and profitability while minimizing risk by transitioning from a conventional tillage system to a conservation tillage system with subsoiling.

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Runoff, erosion, and nutrient transport arising from furrow irrigation in a corn conservation production system

Spencer

Krutz

Locke

et al. 2022

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Contemporary row‐crop practices in the mid‐southern United States contribute to declining water tables and impairment of downstream waters, threatening the sustainability of irrigated agriculture and vital ecosystem services. This research was conducted to determine whether agro‐hydrology can be altered by cover crop or traffic pattern. The effects of cover crop {Austrian winter pea [Pisum sativum var. arvense (L.) Poiret], crimson clover [Trifolium incarnatum L.], cereal rye [Secale cereal L.], and tillage radish [Raphanus sativus L.]} and traffic pattern (traffic, nontraffic) on runoff, erosion, and nutrient transport from a furrow irrigation event were investigated at Stoneville, MS on a Commerce very fine sandy loam (a fine‐silty, mixed, superactive, nonacid, thermic Fluvaquentic Endoaquept). Relative to winter fallow, the inclusion of a cover crop reduced erosion by at least 16% but had no effect on runoff or the transport of total P, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), soluble reactive phosphate (SRP), NH4–N, or NO3–N. Eliminating traffic in furrows reduced runoff, erosion, and SRP transport up to 13%. Traffic pattern had no effect on the transport of total P, TKN, NH4–N, or NO3–N. Regardless of treatment, total N loss never exceeded 0.2% of N applied as inorganic fertilizer. This research demonstrates that cover crop and equipment traffic pattern can be manipulated in reduced tillage systems to improve the sustainability of irrigated agriculture and ecosystem services in the mid‐southern United States.

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Conservation soybean production systems in the mid‐southern USA: I. Transitioning from conventional to conservation tillage

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Conservation soybean production systems in the mid‐southern USA: II. Replacing subsoiling with cover crops

Conservation soybean production systems in the mid‐southern USA: II. Replacing subsoiling with cover crops

Furrow‐irrigation application efficiency in mid‐southern U.S. conservation tillage systems

Runoff, erosion, and nutrient transport arising from furrow irrigation in a corn conservation production system

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