Conservation in Amazonia: Environmental Standard and Local Democracy at the Time of “Doing Better with Less”. French Guiana and the Brazilian State of Amapá between Tensions and Normalizations

Jacob, Théo

doi:10.4000/acrh.9255

acrh

2018

DOI: 10.4000/acrh.9255

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Conservation in Amazonia: Environmental Standard and Local Democracy at the Time of “Doing Better with Less”. French Guiana and the Brazilian State of Amapá between Tensions and Normalizations

Théo Jacob¹

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Cited by 6 publications

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Data-driven remote governance of sparsely populated areas: measurement and commensuration of wildcat gold mining in French Guiana

Noucher¹,

Tourneau²,

Gautreau

2021

GeoJournal

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The increase in the price of gold, due to a shift to safe investments during the global economic crisis, has led to a rapid expansion of gold production. Alongside legal gold mines, wildcat gold mining has developed in French Guiana since the early 2000s. This phenomenon, with its social, environmental and economic consequences, is at the heart of the environmental governance of this territory. However, its difficult quantification is the subject of multiple controversies. Environmental governance is increasingly dependent on metrological regimes aimed at quantifying political action in order to objectify it. This article examines the role of metrology in implementing environmental policies in sparsely populated regions via the example of wildcat gold mining in French Guiana. Based on the study of two observatories, one managed by public authorities, the other by an NGO, we deconstruct their maps and counter-maps of wildcat gold mining. To do so, we make a distinction between measurement, commensuration and its diffusion. This focus on “measurement-commensuration-diffusion” allows us to identify three key phases in the production of nature statistics. We argue that the critical analysis of metrological processes through this three-step framework reveals methodological controversies that reflect different and even divergent political visions. The article also shows that metrological systems for environmental protection are the focus of targeted political disputes. It reports on the current disagreements—not only between the State and NGOs but also within the State itself—on the proposed solutions for fighting the impacts of wildcat gold mining in French Guiana and the broader issues of data production in Amazonia.

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Data-driven remote governance of sparsely populated areas: measurement and commensuration of wildcat gold mining in French Guiana

Noucher¹,

Tourneau²,

Gautreau

2021

GeoJournal

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From the Myth ofSelf-Governmentto the Rise ofHoloptism: Another Genealogy of Liberal Governmentality

Jacob¹

2022

International Political Sociology

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A long-standing critique of liberalism is that it is both amoral and anti-communitarian. Bound to the totemic figures of the Law and the Market, the “liberal art of governing” is unable to conceive of social regulations outside this twin rational framework. However, the 1990s saw the international dissemination of State managerial reform—embodied by the slogan “doing better with less”—where entrepreneurial practices coexist with participatory and decentralizing policies. In the context of State redeployment, an emerging strategy is evolving as economic neoliberalism merges with cooperative liberalism inspired by the American myth of self-government. By establishing a genealogy for this other side of liberal governmentality, this paper demonstrates how contemporary neo-progressivism emphasizes “holoptic” technologies. By encouraging a “proactive citizenship” through moral and community coercion, holoptic technologies can provide new resources to resurgent authoritarianism. Thus, the study of governmentality within the field of international political sociology should take into account a power architecture that is based on the local scale and implemented by States in a context of convergence of global political orders.

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Quand les politiques environnementales attisent les tensions interculturelles en Guyane française

Jacob¹,

Palisse²,

Aubertin³

2020

cal

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Conservation in Amazonia: Environmental Standard and Local Democracy at the Time of “Doing Better with Less”. French Guiana and the Brazilian State of Amapá between Tensions and Normalizations

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Data-driven remote governance of sparsely populated areas: measurement and commensuration of wildcat gold mining in French Guiana

Data-driven remote governance of sparsely populated areas: measurement and commensuration of wildcat gold mining in French Guiana

From the Myth ofSelf-Governmentto the Rise ofHoloptism: Another Genealogy of Liberal Governmentality

Quand les politiques environnementales attisent les tensions interculturelles en Guyane française

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