“…Smooth newts inhabit both artificial and natural wetlands (Mulkeen et al, 2017;Mulkeen, 2018;Buono et al, 2019;Rannap et al, 2020), which allows breeding even in urban environments. They utilize a wide variety of waterbodies (Mulkeen et al, 2017) for reproduction, although they prefer still and shallow ponds (e.g., Kinne, 2004) and exhibit less strict aquatic habitat requirements when compared to other pond-reproducing newts (e.g., Skei et al, 2006;Gledhill et al, 2008;Vuorio, 2016). As smooth newts show extensive terrestrial stages in their life cycle and juveniles remain on land for several years until reaching reproductive readiness (e.g., Bell, 1977;Heiss et al, 2015), they require suitable terrestrial areas for hibernation, migration, and dispersal (Mulkeen et al, 2017).…”