Conservation and variability in Archaea: protein antigens with tandem repeats encoded by a cluster of genes with common motifs in Methanosarcina mazei S-6

Mayerhofer, Linda E.; Macario, Everly Conway de; Macario, Alberto J. L.

doi:10.1016/0378-1119(95)00524-a

Cited by 16 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…For instance, the second largest multigene family (Table 2) consists of 62 proteins, the majority of which lack transmembrane domains and are homologous to surface antigens in M. mazei and thus are likely components of the S-layer (Mayerhofer et al 1995). In addition, many genes in this family are large multidomain proteins containing domains homologous to metazoan cell adhesion surface receptor protein domains, including polycystic kidney disease (PKD) domains (or C repeats in M. mazei [Mayerhofer et al 1995]) and YVTN ␤-propeller domains (or AB repeats in M. mazei [Mayerhofer et al 1995] ; Fig 5; H. Jing, in prep.). This suggests an additional regulatory or structural role in the formation of M. acetivorans multicellular structures.…”

Section: Surface Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genome of M. acetivorans Reveals Extensive Metabolic and Physiological Diversity

Galagan¹,

Nusbaum²,

Roy³

et al. 2002

Genome Res.

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447

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Methanogenesis, the biological production of methane, plays a pivotal role in the global carbon cycle and contributes significantly to global warming. The majority of methane in nature is derived from acetate. Here we report the complete genome sequence of an acetate-utilizing methanogen, Methanosarcina acetivorans C2A. Methanosarcineae are the most metabolically diverse methanogens, thrive in a broad range of environments, and are unique among the Archaea in forming complex multicellular structures. This diversity is reflected in the genome of M. acetivorans.

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Section: Surface Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genome of M. acetivorans Reveals Extensive Metabolic and Physiological Diversity

Galagan¹,

Nusbaum²,

Roy³

et al. 2002

Genome Res.

Self Cite

577

447

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“…Wp60A contained orf69 (slgB; Yao et al 1994), and orf46 and orf10 (EMBL-GenBank accession nos. Y12024 and Y12060, respectively), while Wp2A contained orf51, orf40, and orf82 (orf492, orf378, and orf783; Mayerhofer et al 1995). Repeats with complementary sequences that have the potential to form hairpins (stem-loop structures) in singlestranded DNA and mRNA were found in the intergenic regions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Whole-cell lysates and S-layer preparations were also studied by Western blotting using Rαpep1 and Rαpep2, polyclonal antibody probes for peptides representing repeats AB and C, respectively [these repeats were found by computer analysis (Mayerhofer et al 1995)]. Rαpep2 revealed an ~180-kDa band (also revealed by Rαpep1; data not shown) and a ladder composed of bands spread at regular intervals from ~56 through to ~32 kDa (Fig.…”

Section: Heterologous (In Vitro) Expression In E Coli Of Genes Of Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter probes were derived from antisera made in rabbits immunized with synthetic peptides (15mers) conjugated to keyhole-limpet hemocyanin (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo., USA). The probes used in this work, Rαpep1 and Rαpep2, were for peptides present in repeats AB and C, respectively; these repeats were identified by computer analysis (Mayerhofer et al 1995). The peptides were used as antigens for probe calibration and as positive controls in the assay of whole cells, whole-cell lysates, and fractions thereof by slide immunoenzymatic assay (SIA) (Conway de Macario et al 1983).…”

Section: Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have previously described a gene, slgB, that encodes a deduced molecule with S-layer characteristics (Yao et al 1994). More recently, we have found three additional open reading frames (ORFs) that also encode putative proteins with S-layer features and repeats (Mayerhofer et al 1995). All these observations were made by computer analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Structure, organization, and expression of genes coding for envelope components in the archaeon Methanosarcina mazei S-6

Mayerhofer

Macario²,

Yao³

et al. 1998

Archives of Microbiology

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The antigenic mosaics of archaeal species are complex and lead to the distinction of different immunotypes. We began the dissection of the antigenic mosaic of the methanogen Methanosarcina mazei S-6 by gene cloning and sequencing. The analysis of the sequence, organization, and in vitro (heterologous) and in vivo expression of two three-gene clusters that encode proteins localized to the cell envelope and that are recognized by antibodies for surface structures is presented in this report. The amino acid sequences and compositions share characteristics with S-layer proteins and, most notably, have repeats of conserved sequences and secondary structures. Expressed genes produced proteins with a tendency to oligomerize, and one of these proteins was susceptible to breakdown at regular intervals. Altogether, the data reveal a modular system (clusters of homologous genes, proteins of similar sequences with conserved repeats) seemingly suitable for assembling an enormous variety of final molecular structures by rearranging and combining genes, proteins, and repeats, and thus generate the observed wide spectrum of antigenic diversity.

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Identification and analysis of novel tandem repeats in the cell surface proteins of archaeal and bacterial genomes using computational tools

et al. 2004

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We have identified four novel repeats and two domains in cell surface proteins encoded by the Methanosarcina acetivorans genome and in some archaeal and bacterial genomes. The repeats correspond to a certain number of amino acid residues present in tandem in a protein sequence and each repeat is characterized by conserved sequence motifs. These correspond to: (a) a 42 amino acid (aa) residue RIVW repeat; (b) a 45 aa residue LGxL repeat; (c) a 42 aa residue LVIVD repeat; and (d) a 54 aa residue LGFP repeat. The domains correspond to a certain number of aa residues in a protein sequence that do not comprise internal repeats. These correspond to: (a) a 200 aa residue DNRLRE domain; and (b) a 70 aa residue PEGA domain. We discuss the occurrence of these repeats and domains in the different proteins and genomes analysed in this work.

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Conservation and variability in Archaea: protein antigens with tandem repeats encoded by a cluster of genes with common motifs in Methanosarcina mazei S-6

Cited by 16 publications

References 12 publications

The Genome of M. acetivorans Reveals Extensive Metabolic and Physiological Diversity

The Genome of M. acetivorans Reveals Extensive Metabolic and Physiological Diversity

Structure, organization, and expression of genes coding for envelope components in the archaeon Methanosarcina mazei S-6

Identification and analysis of novel tandem repeats in the cell surface proteins of archaeal and bacterial genomes using computational tools

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