Conservation agriculture practice influences soil organic carbon pools in intensive rice‐based systems of the Eastern Indo‐Gangetic Plain

Islam, Md. Ariful; Bell, R.W.; Johansen, C.; Jahiruddin, M.; Haque, Md. Enamul; Vance, W.

doi:10.1111/sum.12798

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Other reasons for the gradual increase in yield for the cool season crops with CA may be related to the build-up of soil organic matter. In the present experiments, we also confirmed the increased yield in SP and HR was associated with the improvement of soil physical properties, soil organic carbon and N levels under CA practices (Islam, 2017;Islam et al, 2022). Several other studies in the IGP demonstrated that improvements in soil physical properties, soil organic carbon, N and other nutrients increased crop yields under CA systems (Das et al, 2013;Das et al, 2014;Salahin et al, 2021).…”

Section: Factors Affecting Response To Conservation Agriculturesupporting

confidence: 88%

“…)mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek)monsoon rice (Oryza sativa L.) and a cereal-dominated system: wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)mung beanmonsoon rice, were evaluated in the current study. Full details of the sites and study are reported by Islam et al (2022) and Islam (2017), and in Supplementary materials (Methods S1 and S2,and Tables S1 to S5). Only pertinent details are provided in the body of this article.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservation agriculture effects on yield and profitability of rice-based systems in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain

Islam

Bell²,

Johansen³

et al. 2022

Ex. Agric.

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Sustaining productivity of the rice-based cropping systems in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain (EIGP) requires practices to reverse declining soil fertility resulting from excessive tillage and crop residue removal, while decreasing production costs and increasing farm profits. We hypothesize that the adoption of conservation agriculture (CA), involving minimum tillage, crop residue retention and crop rotation, can address most of these challenges. Therefore, the effects of crop establishment methods – strip planting (SP), bed planting (BP) and conventional tillage (CT); and levels of crop residue retention – high residue (HR) and low residue (LR) on individual crop yield, system yield and profitability were evaluated in a split-plot design over three cropping seasons in two field experiments (Alipur and Digram sites) with contrasting crops and soil types in the EIGP. The SP and BP of non-rice crops were rotated with non-puddled rice establishment; CT of non-rice crops was rotated with puddled transplanted rice. In the legume-dominated system (rice-lentil-mung bean), lentil yields were similar in SP and CT, while lower in BP in crop season 1. A positive effect of high residue over low residue was apparent by crop season 2 and persisted in crop season 3. In crop season 3, the lentil yield increased by 18–23% in SP and BP compared to CT. In the cereal-dominated system (rice-wheat-mung bean), significant yield increases of wheat in SP and BP (7–10%) over CT, and of HR (1–3%) over LR, were detected by crop season 3 but not before. Rice yields under CA practices (non-puddled and HR) were comparable with CT (puddled and LR) in both systems. Improved yield of lentil and wheat with CA was correlated with higher soil water content. The net income of SP increased by 25–28% for dry season crops as compared to CT and was equal with CT for rice cropping systems. Conservation agriculture practices provide opportunities for enhancing crop yield and profitability in intensive rice-based systems of the EIGP of Bangladesh.

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Section: Factors Affecting Response To Conservation Agriculturesupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation agriculture effects on yield and profitability of rice-based systems in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain

Islam

Bell²,

Johansen³

et al. 2022

Ex. Agric.

Self Cite

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“…Recent attempts have been made to reduce organic carbon loss from soils for climate change mitigation, whose measures include crop residue incorporation (Lupwayi et al 2022;Zhu et al 2022a), organic matter stabilization with clay and metal oxides (Baumann et al 2022;Di et al 2022), fertilizer application (da Silva et al 2022;Gasser et al 2022;Qiu et al 2022;Thakur et al 2022;Zhang et al 2022b), reduced or conservational tillage (Ferrara et al 2022;He et al 2022a;Islam et al 2022), rotational grazing (Abdalla et al 2022;Dong et al 2021), silvopastoral system (Aryal et al 2019;Valenzuela Que et al 2022), and ecological restoration (Howson et al 2022;Wang et al 2020b;Zhao et al 2022). Among them, application of biochar is a promising one due to simultaneous achievement of waste management, nutrient delivery, contaminant immobilization, and climate change mitigation.…”

Section: Co 2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of biochar toward carbon neutrality

et al. 2023

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Carbon neutrality by the mid-twenty-first century is a grand challenge requiring technological innovations. Biochar, a traditional soil amendment which has been used for fertility improvement and contaminant remediation, has revealed new vitality in this context. In this review we highlight the huge potential of biochar application in different fields to mitigate as high as 2.56 × 109 t CO2e total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per year, accounting for 5.0% of the global GHG emissions. Soil applications of biochar as either a controlled-release fertilizer or an immobilization agent offer improved soil health while simultaneously suppressing the emissions of CH4 and N2O. Non-soil applications of biochar also contribute to carbon neutrality in unique ways. Firstly, biochar application as a ruminant feed decreases CH4 emissions via physical sorption and enhanced activities of methanotrophs. Secondly, biochar can be used as a green catalyst for biorefinery. Besides, biochar as an additive to Portland cement and low impact development (LID) infrastructure lowers the carbon footprint and builds resilience to climate change. Furthermore, biochar can be used as novel batteries and supercapacitors for energy storage purposes. Finally, the high CO2 adsorption capacity makes it possible for biochar being used as a sorbent for carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). We advocate that future research should further explore the effectiveness of biochar systems for climate change mitigation in large scale applications, and assess the economic and social viability of local biochar systems to combat climate change. Graphical Abstract

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“…Differences in SOC and labile-C changes between crop rotation systems can be owing to the different quantity and quality of returned crop residues. For example, high levels of root biomass production in the cereal-dominated rotation systems (here cornwheat crop rotation system) with the above content of lessdecomposable cellulose in their residues and high C/N ratio may contribute to a remarkable quantity of SOC over time (Ghosh et al, 2016;Islam et al, 2022). In addition, improvement of SOC and labile-C through the inclusion of legumes (B-W; in this study mung bean) in the rotation with wheat might be attributable to an increase in the rate of residue decomposition (i.e., the C/N ratios of involved crops).…”

Section: Impact Of Weather Variation and Crop Rotation System On Soc ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cropping systems and agricultural management strategies affect soil organic carbon dynamics in semi-arid regions

Gorooei

Aynehband

Rahnama

et al. 2023

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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IntroductionSoil organic carbon (SOC) dynamic is one of the important factors that directly influence soil properties and quality. In agro-ecosystems, the SOC dynamics are strongly linked to agricultural management practices.MethodsIn this study, we investigated the response of SOC and its fractions to various combination of agricultural management practices based on measurements obtained from an experiment conducted over four growing seasons from 2018 to 2020 in Ahvaz, Iran. The experimental treatments involved three agricultural strategies combined with four crop rotation systems. The agricultural strategies comprised conventional (CON: mineral fertilizer, removal of all crop residues), organic (ORG: organic fertilizer, 30% return of crop residues to the soil), and integrated (INT: mineral/organic fertilizer, 15% return of crop residues) strategies. The crop rotation systems were: fallow-wheat (F-W), corn-wheat (C-W), sesame-wheat (S-W), and mung bean-wheat (B-W). Soil samples were collected from all treatments and SOC, labile-C, and non-labile-C were measured.Results and discussionAfter two years of experiment, no significant improvement was found in SOC of CON strategy (p ≤ 0.05). The ORG and INT strategies contained on average 1.1 and 1.06 times more SOC than the CON strategy, respectively. The value of labile-C was decreased during summer cultivations and increased in the soil samples collected after winter cultivations. However, although the quantity of labile-C in ORG (2 g kg−1) was higher than INT (1.83 g kg−1) and CON (1.87 g kg−1) overall during the experiment time, after the second summer cultivation despite the gradual accumulation of organic matter due to high levels of temperature and humidity, the content in ORG reduced to1.47 g kg−1. In all three agricultural management strategies, the SOC content in the four rotation systems was according to the following descending order B-W (5.7 g kg−1) > C-W (5.29 g kg−1) > S-W (5.23 g kg−1) > F-W (4.52 g kg−1). Therefore, for this region M-W and S-W crop rotation systems are recommended in addition to C-W (which is the most common rotation system). However, crop rotation systems were more beneficial for C-sequestration when combined with organic and inorganic fertilization and crop residue incorporation. This study gives promising results for implementing INT and ORG strategies under long-term cropping systems containing various summer crops in rotation with wheat for improving SOC dynamics in semi-arid regions in Iran.

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Conservation agriculture practice influences soil organic carbon pools in intensive rice‐based systems of the Eastern Indo‐Gangetic Plain

Cited by 9 publications

References 51 publications

Conservation agriculture effects on yield and profitability of rice-based systems in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain

Conservation agriculture effects on yield and profitability of rice-based systems in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain

Role of biochar toward carbon neutrality

Cropping systems and agricultural management strategies affect soil organic carbon dynamics in semi-arid regions

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