Conservation Agriculture: A Way for Soil Water Conservation

Abstract

World population is going on increasing, it may be 2.4 billion by 2050, but stabilizing the yield of crop is questionable in Indian agriculture due to improper management of agricultural land. Excess tillage accelerate the organic matter oxidation present on the top soil, soil erosion and creates subsurface hard pan. This makes the field unsuitable for cultivation of crops in future. Climate change is worsening the situation by imposing water scarcity in India. So to evade these problems, conservation agriculture is the only way. Main objectives of conservation agriculture is reducing tillage, year round cropping, crop rotation, mulching may be live or residue. Due to reduced mechanical tillage, activity of micro flora and macro flora get increases that improves biological tillage of soil, that in turn improves soil structure and enhances the plant growth. Most of the studies showed that the cost of wheat production and CO2 emission from the field is reduced when conservation agriculture was fallowed in rice-wheat cropping system. Crop rotation and also mixed cropping improves soil fertility and also it reduces soil erosion. It can be a part of climate smart agriculture. It reduces greenhouse gas emission and also it can improve carbon sequestration. Considerably it can save 20-30% of water.

Effect of Tillage on Weed Shift and its Managements: A Review

“…Some of the research evidences showed that more annual weeds in no tillage system but in contrast to that some of them reported less weed population under no tillage system Several studies have been found that the effects of tillage vary with weed species, timing and depth of tillage (Selvakumar and Sivakumar, 2021). In particular more grass weeds especially Phalaris minor, Avena ludoviciana and Cynodan dactylon were commonly observed in conventional tillage with or without residue incorporation compared to zero tillage with or without residue incorporation (Singh et al, 2017).…”

“…Mostly tillage combined with herbicide application provided better weed control, thereby it improved crop yield also (Knežević et al, 2008). Changes in tillage practices, changes composition of weed flora, so based on that herbicide should be applied (Selvakumar and Sivakumar, 2021). Response of weed dynamics based on species, location and timing.…”

Implications of Meteorological Forecasting for Accelerating the Success Rate in Sericulture: New Avenues in Seri-industry: A Review

“…Unexpected and untimely changes in climate behaviour particularly the rainfall and precipitation pattern exerted huge pressure on agriculture production. Thus demanding implications of technologies for calculating the exact amount of irrigation requirement or making cropping decisions in synchronization to the rainfall pattern for minimizing the losses due to climate fluctuations (Selvakumar and Sivakumar, 2021).…”

Principles, Positives and Limitations of Conservation Agriculture: A Review

“…The Main obj ectives of conservation agriculture is reducing tillage, year round cropping, crop rotation, mulching may be live or residue. Due to reduced mechanical tillage, activity of micro flora and macro flora get increases that improves biological tillage of soil, that in turn improves soil structure and enhances the plant growth (Selvakumar and Sivakumar, 2021).…”