Consequences of worksite hypertension screening

Rudd, Peter; Price, Matthew; Graham, L. Stephen; Beilstein, Barbara A.; Tarbell, Sylvia J.H.; Bacchetti, Peter; Fortmann, Stephen P.

doi:10.1016/0002-9343(86)90628-5

Cited by 37 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Therefore, it is reasonable to question whether measures of personality, such as trait anxiety, neuroticism, and Type A characteristics, which are expected to be stable over time, could change in response to hypertension detection. This is inconsistent with the findings of one prospective study (73) of newly identified hypertensives in which it was reported that scores on Speilberger's State Anxiety Scale did not change pre-to posthypertension labeling. However, the prestate anxiety scores were actually obtained after subjects had been labeled with either a reassuring message (i.e., label minimized) or a message that emphasized the risks of hypertension.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Personality differences between hypertensive and normotensive individuals: influence of knowledge of hypertension status.

Irvine

Garner

Olmsted

et al. 1989

Psychosomatic Medicine

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Personality characteristics such as anxiety and anger have long been associated with essential hypertension, but the results of past studies have often been confounded by inadequate diagnosis of hypertension, antihypertensive medications, and use of unvalidated measures of personality. Moreover, little attention has been given to the importance of differential exposure to medical attention and labeling as determinants of personality. To overcome these shortcomings, personality characteristics were measured by self-report using validated questionnaires in untreated male and female hypertensives who were either aware (n = 80) or unaware (n = 82) of their hypertension at the time of assessment. Hypertension diagnosis was based upon repeated blood pressure measurements over 5 months. Hypertensives were compared to age-, sex-, ethnicity-, and occupation-matched normotensives. Results indicated that aware hypertensives scored significantly higher than normotensives and unaware hypertensives on neuroticism, trait and state anxiety, and self-reported Type A behavior. They also scored higher than normotensives on state anger, and there was a similar trend for anger suppression. There were no differences between unaware hypertensives and normotensives. The findings suggest that these personality factors are not a fundamental characteristic of hypertension but reflect the influence of exposure to medical attention or knowledge of hypertension status.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Personality differences between hypertensive and normotensive individuals: influence of knowledge of hypertension status.

Irvine

Garner

Olmsted

et al. 1989

Psychosomatic Medicine

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“…Moreover, although the majority of studies concluded that white-coat hypertension was not associated with a significantly increased prevalence of target organ damage [ 52 ], some studies found an increased left ventricular (LV) mass in subjects with white-coat hypertension compared with normotensive controls [ 53 ]. Rudd et al [ 54 ] reported that the prevalence of LV hypertrophy was significantly higher in subjects with white-coat hypertension than in normotensive subjects. In women who are diagnosed as having hypertension irrespective of white-coat effects or not, it is important to find LV hypertrophy or PWV increases.…”

Section: Role Of Pwv In Postmenopausal Women With White-coat Hypertenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulse Wave Velocity in Postmenopausal Women

Suzuki

Kondo

2013

Pulse

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and osteoporosis are major causes of morbidity and mortality in postmenopausal women. The relationship between atherosclerosis and osteoporosis has been established by studies of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and biochemical pathways that seem to overlap in many places. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is one of the known predictors of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Studies indicate that PWV in hypertensive postmenopausal women is increased, and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) attenuates this increase. In addition, recently, many studies have suggested a role for arterial stiffness in the association between CVD and osteoporosis. From these findings, it appears that estrogen deficiency combined with production of inflammatory cytokines plays a role in increased PWV closely associated with CVD and osteoporosis, although the mechanisms of arterial stiffness in postmenopausal women may be more complex. Accordingly, a possible role for PWV as a surrogate marker of CVD as well as osteoporosis in postmenopausal women is discussed in this review. First, menopause leads to increased arterial stiffness with aging in females. Further, epidemiological data evaluating arterial stiffness assessed by PWV provided evidence that most of the established CVD risk factors are determinants of PWV, and these risk factors are increased in patients with CVD. In turn, contrary to expectation, HRT did not always contribute to a lower incidence of CVD in postmenopausal women. By reviewing the current data available, it becomes clear that, at present, the effects of menopause including HRT on PWV remain controversial, and further studies are needed to clarify these associations.

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“…Some other reports did not confirm these findings, however. An example is a study by Rudd et al, 9 who screened 5888 electronics workers in a three-stage process. Subjects who were found to be hypertensive at their first visit were randomized into two groups, one of which received a "traditional" debriefing which told them of the risks related to hypertension and the need for treatment.…”

Section: Observational Studies Of Labelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Now We Are Sick: Labeling and Hypertension

Pickering

2006

J of Clinical Hypertension

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Consequences of worksite hypertension screening

Cited by 37 publications

References 15 publications

Personality differences between hypertensive and normotensive individuals: influence of knowledge of hypertension status.

Personality differences between hypertensive and normotensive individuals: influence of knowledge of hypertension status.

Pulse Wave Velocity in Postmenopausal Women

Now We Are Sick: Labeling and Hypertension

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