Consequences of Uruguayan Emigration: Research Note

Abstract

This paper describes the magnitude and consequences of emigration in Uruguay. The population loss there has had major effects on the country's growth rate and age structure. The composition of the emigrant population, consisting of young, economically active, skilled individuals, indicates that Uruguay is serving as a source of valued human resources at the same time that its economy is stagnating. The process of emigration may be part of a re-enforcing cycle which is deflecting resources away from needed structural changes.

Socioeconomic Structure and Population Displacements: The Uruguayan Case

“…The direct demographic effects of the process implied a decreasing birth rate, due to the disproportionate emigration of fertile aged population, while the economic impact was produced by the transfer of human resources to foreign countries. It has been estimated that Uruguay lost 17o/o of its secondary school students and university undergraduates; 24o/o of its polytechnical trainees; 22o/o of its professionals and technicians; and 36o/o of those currently employed in the secondary sector (Petrucelli, 1979). Furthermore, the politicai and social consequences of the emigration process are of considerable relevance and will certainly influence national development patterns during the next years.…”