Consequences of HIV infection in the bone marrow niche

Abstract

Dysregulation of the bone marrow niche resulting from the direct and indirect effects of HIV infection contributes to haematological abnormalities observed in HIV patients. The bone marrow niche is a complex, multicellular environment which functions primarily in the maintenance of haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). These adult stem cells are responsible for replacing blood and immune cells over the course of a lifetime. Cells of the bone marrow niche support HSPCs and help to orchestrate the quiescence, self-renewal and differentiation of HSPCs through chemical and molecular signals and cell-cell interactions. This narrative review discusses the HIV-associated dysregulation of the bone marrow niche, as well as the susceptibility of HSPCs to infection by HIV.

Survival status and its predictors among undernourished children on antiretroviral therapy in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia, 2010 – 2020, a multicenter retrospective cohort study

“…Previous study findings in Ethiopia [ 25 , 29 , 36 , 43 ], Tanzania [ 39 ], and Kenya [ 44 ] had shown that low hemoglobin level was a significant risk of death among children on ART. These could be justified by the fact that when ART is started after a child experiences anemia from HIV infection, the child’s condition may only be partially cured, which could eventually lead to a low quality of life and mortality [ 45 ].…”

The multifaceted nature of HIV tissue reservoirs

“…HIV infection of hematopoietic precursor or progenitor cells capable of differentiating into distinct cell lineages have also been described [ 50 ] (Fig. 1 ) (discussed in Herd et al [ 51 ]). However, the data regarding the potential susceptibility of hematopoietic precursor or progenitor cells isolated directly ex vivo from bone marrow tissue to HIV infection has long been debated mainly due to conflicting results obtained in part because of insufficient samples, insufficient cell purities, different experimental approaches, the use of differentiation and growth factors, HIV vectors used, infection strategy, and HIV readouts used in different studies [ 51 ].…”

“…1 ) (discussed in Herd et al [ 51 ]). However, the data regarding the potential susceptibility of hematopoietic precursor or progenitor cells isolated directly ex vivo from bone marrow tissue to HIV infection has long been debated mainly due to conflicting results obtained in part because of insufficient samples, insufficient cell purities, different experimental approaches, the use of differentiation and growth factors, HIV vectors used, infection strategy, and HIV readouts used in different studies [ 51 ]. Notably, a recent study detected identical genome intact sequences in hematopoietic progenitor cells isolated directly ex vivo from ART treated individuals using near-full genome proviral sequencing, and suggested their survival to be linked with cellular proliferation [ 52 ].…”

Detection of HIV-1 DNA/RNA in Peripheral Blood, Bone Marrow and Femoral Head of Patients with Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head [Letter]

“…HSPCs help regulate chemical and molecular signals as well as cell-cell interactions where HIV proteins have a direct suppressive effect on HSPC function. 4 A study conducted by Kang Peng Li et al identified the femoral head and bone marrow taken from 15 PLWH who underwent total hip arthroplasty. Each femoral head was obtained from subchondral, necrotic, sclerotic, and normal areas.…”