Consequence of Patient Substitution of Nattokinase for Warfarin After Aortic Valve Replacement with a Mechanical Prosthesis

Elahi, Maqsood M.; Choi, Charles H.; Konda, Subbareddy; Shake, Jay G.

doi:10.1080/08998280.2015.11929198

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…65 In another report, a patient developed a thrombus in a mechanical valve after nearly a year of NK use without warfarin and underwent a successful repeat valve replacement. 66 Use of multiple drugs concurrently is common in patients with CVD. Therefore, it is particularly important to elucidate the potential possible interactions of NK with other drugs acting on the cardiovascular system.…”

Section: Remaining Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nattokinase: A Promising Alternative in Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases

et al. 2018

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world and our approach to the control and management of CVD mortality is limited. Nattokinase (NK), the most active ingredient of natto, possesses a variety of favourable cardiovascular effects and the consumption of Natto has been linked to a reduction in CVD mortality. Recent research has demonstrated that NK has potent fibrinolytic activity, antihypertensive, anti-atherosclerotic, and lipid-lowering, antiplatelet, and neuroprotective effects. This review covers the major pharmacologic effects of NK with a focus on its clinical relevance to CVD. It outlines the advantages of NK and the outstanding issues pertaining to NK pharmacokinetics. Available evidence suggests that NK is a unique natural compound that possesses several key cardiovascular beneficial effects for patients with CVD and is therefore an ideal drug candidate for the prevention and treatment of CVD. Nattokinase is a promising alternative in the management of CVD.

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Section: Remaining Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nattokinase: A Promising Alternative in Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases

et al. 2018

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“…Importantly, there are no cases of toxic effects or serious side effects reported using this high dose in the literature, even though NK has been widely used and studied over many years. However, a side effect-related report showed that a patient with mechanical valve developed thrombus, but underwent a successful repeat valve replacement when using NK (100 mg daily, equivalent to 2,000 FU/day) as a replacement for warfarin ( 33 ). Again, this thrombus development problem may be related to the inefficiency of the low-dose used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective management of atherosclerosis progress and hyperlipidemia with nattokinase: A clinical study with 1,062 participants

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Nattokinase (NK), known as a potent fibrinolytic and antithrombotic agent, has been shown to have antiatherosclerotic and lipid-lowering effects. However, data on human clinical studies are limited. In this clinical study involving 1,062 participants, our objective was to examine the efficacy of NK in atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia and safety at the dose of 10,800 FU/day after 12 months of oral administration. Various factors, including lower doses that influence NK pharmacological actions, were also investigated. We found that NK at a dose of 10,800 FU/day effectively managed the progression of atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia with a significant improvement in the lipid profile. A significant reduction in the thickness of the carotid artery intima-media and the size of the carotid plaque was observed. The improvement rates ranged from 66.5 to 95.4%. NK was found to be ineffective in lowering lipids and suppressing atherosclerosis progression at a dose of 3,600 FU/day. The lipid-lowering effect of NK was more prominent in subjects who smoked, drank alcohol, and subjects with higher BMI. Regular exercise further improved the effects of NK. Co-administration of vitamin K2 and aspirin with NK produced a synergetic effect. No noticeable adverse effects associated with the use of NK were recorded. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that atherosclerosis progression and hyperlipidemia can be effectively managed with NK at a dose of 10,800 FU/day. The lower dose of 3,600 FU per day is ineffective. The dose of 10,800 FU/day is safe and well tolerated. Some lifestyle factors and the coadministration of vitamin K2 and aspirin lead to improved outcomes in the use of NK. Our findings provide clinical evidence on the effective dose of NK in the management of cardiovascular disease and challenge the recommended dose of 2,000 FU per day.

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Phosphocalcic metabolism and the role of vitamin D, vitamin K2, and nattokinase supplementation

Gasmi

Bjørklund

Peana

et al. 2021

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

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Consequence of Patient Substitution of Nattokinase for Warfarin After Aortic Valve Replacement with a Mechanical Prosthesis

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Nattokinase: A Promising Alternative in Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases

Nattokinase: A Promising Alternative in Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases

Effective management of atherosclerosis progress and hyperlipidemia with nattokinase: A clinical study with 1,062 participants

Phosphocalcic metabolism and the role of vitamin D, vitamin K2, and nattokinase supplementation

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