Consensus Statements for Screening and Assessment Tools

Bédard, Michel; Dickerson, Anne E.

doi:10.3109/07380577.2014.903017

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The main obstacles to safe driving in patients with dementia include ( American Medical Association [AMA], 2010 ; Bedard & Dickerson, 2014 ; Budson & Solomon, 2016 ; Dorgan, Hutson, Duvall, Kinser, & Hall, 2014 ; Tappen, Ramos, Newman, & Newman, 2017 ; Gergerich, 2016 ; Jahn, 2013 ; Piersma, de Waard, et al, 2016 ; Piersma, Fuermaier, et al, 2016 ; Sadowsky & Galvin, 2012 ; Molnar, Patel, Marshall, Man-Son-Hing, & Wilson, 2006 ; Rabins, Lyketsos, & Steele, 2016 ; Silverstein et al, 2016 ):…”

Section: Case Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving and Patients With Dementia

Hamdy

Kinser

Kendall-Wilson

et al. 2018

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine

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Driving is a symbol of autonomy and independence, eagerly awaited during adolescence, cherished during adulthood and reluctantly rescinded during old age. It is nevertheless an individual’s privilege, not right, especially as driving may affect other drivers and pedestrians on the road. It is therefore not only the individual patient who is at stake but essentially the entire community. In this case scenario, we describe the situation that arose when a patient with multi-infarct dementia wanted to go for a drive and his son and grandson tried to convince him that he could no longer drive. What went wrong in the caregivers/patient interaction is presented. The futility of arguing with patients who have dementia is highlighted as well as the suspiciousness it may generate. Alternate actions that can be useful to avoid/avert the situation from escalating and having a catastrophic ending are discussed. Testing/evaluating patients with dementia for fitness to drive is also reviewed and a list of select resources is included.

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Section: Case Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving and Patients With Dementia

Hamdy

Kinser

Kendall-Wilson

et al. 2018

Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine

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“…Clinical recommendations should consider whether test performance could be improved. Furthermore, recent consensus statements clearly indicate that in most situations, we cannot rely on a single test to determine fitness‐to‐drive . Hence, convergence from multiple assessment tools should be the governing rule.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual‐cognitive tools used to determine fitness‐to‐drive may reflect normal aging

Bédard

Campbell

Riendeau

et al. 2016

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Background: Scores on many visual-cognitive tools are proposed as indicators of fitness-todrive. A purported feature of some tools and one believed to be important is that they are 'age-independent'. Specifically, scores are not correlated with age and poor scores represent a pathological process rather than normal aging. Yet, we know that several cognitive abilities are associated with age. One potential reason for the apparent age-independence of some tools is that focusing on older drivers leads to 'range restriction', a statistical issue that reduces the magnitude of correlations when values for one variable are restricted to a smaller range than naturally occurs. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether age is correlated with scores on visual-cognitive tests when we examine the full age range. Methods: We recruited 114 drivers aged 18 to 89 years (mean: 42.30 ± 26.50 years). Participants completed several visual-cognitive tools often used to examine fitness-to-drive (Trail Making Tests A and B, Attention Network Test and 'useful field of view'). Results: Correlations between age and test scores for drivers 65 years and older only ranged from 0.03 to 0.48. With the whole age range, correlations ranged from 0.56 to 0.84. We also compared ordinary Pearson correlations among visual-cognitive tests scores to the corresponding partial correlations after removing the effect of age. Whereas ordinary Pearson correlations ranged from 0.40 to 0.69, partial correlations ranged from 0.01 to 0.30. Conclusion: Test scores may reflect age-associated normal biological changes. These results have implications for predicting fitness-to-drive among older drivers and suggest caution in using these scores.

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“…The goal of the present research was to develop a driving screening framework, agreed upon by Canadian psychiatric occupational therapists, in order to improve the process for screening drivers with psychiatric diagnoses whose driving may be affected by a combination of factors. The intended use of this framework was as a facilitated clinical reasoning ''screen,'' which refers to ''short, easy-to-administer tests that allow the quick identification of drivers who are clearly without impairment and those who need a more in-depth assessment to determine fitness to drive'' (Be´dard and Dickerson, 2014). This framework, designed to be utilized by an occupational therapy driving generalist, was created to assist with the clinical reasoning needed to discern if a client is clearly safe or unsafe to drive (for personal not commercial purposes) or if it is unclear and an additional assessment is required in order to determine driving abilities.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Saskatchewan Psychiatric Occupational Therapy Driving Screen

Carey

Burton

Grochulski

et al. 2018

British Journal of Occupational Therapy

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Introduction: Screening driving ability is challenging in psychiatry due to the fluctuating nature of psychiatric diagnoses, psychosocial factors, and the impact of medications. An examination of best practice and a literature review yielded few results, highlighting the need for the development of a driving screening framework. The goal was to develop a clinical reasoning guide, agreed upon by psychiatric occupational therapists, to improve systematic driving screening for this population. Method: A series of surveys distributed to occupational therapists examined the key components to consider, utilizing a modified Delphi technique. Data from 94 completed questionnaires over three rounds were filtered, analyzed, summarized, and redistributed. Survey distribution and guideline amendment continued until consensus was achieved. Findings: The Saskatchewan Psychiatric Occupational Therapy Driving Screen (SPOT-DS) has been developed as the first comprehensive clinical reasoning guide for screening drivers with psychiatric conditions. Conclusion: The SPOT-DS can assist in protecting clients' driving privileges, while ensuring public safety on the roads by providing a systematic approach to screening drivers. Further testing on its validity is warranted.

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Consensus Statements for Screening and Assessment Tools

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Driving and Patients With Dementia

Driving and Patients With Dementia

Visual‐cognitive tools used to determine fitness‐to‐drive may reflect normal aging

Development of the Saskatchewan Psychiatric Occupational Therapy Driving Screen

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