2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.03.016
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Consensus recommendations for the classification and long-term follow up of infants who screen positive for Krabbe Disease

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Cited by 11 publications
(17 citation statements)
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“…In the literature, EIKD has generally been associated with strikingly elevated Psy levels, generally greater than 10 nmol/L. In comparison, unaffected individuals generally have Psy levels less than 2 nmol/L, and patients at risk for LOKD tend to fall somewhere in between the two values [17,18] (Figure 1).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…In the literature, EIKD has generally been associated with strikingly elevated Psy levels, generally greater than 10 nmol/L. In comparison, unaffected individuals generally have Psy levels less than 2 nmol/L, and patients at risk for LOKD tend to fall somewhere in between the two values [17,18] (Figure 1).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, for any patients to come to clinical attention, it remains imperative to evaluate the entire array of available information including genotype, enzyme activity level, Psy concentration, and most importantly, the patient's evolving clinical presentation. Additionally, given the complexity of interpreting equivocal NBS and follow-up results, we recommend that a pediatric neurologist or geneticist with specific KD expertise be consulted early on [17,18], most ideally as part of a regional Leukodystrophy Care Center (https://www. huntershope.org/family-care/leukodystrophy-care-network/lcn-care-centers/; accessed on 23 April 2021).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…LSD 是一类少见的遗传代谢病,多为常染色体隐性遗传,少数为 X 染色体连锁遗传,是由于编码溶酶 体酶的基因突变造成未降解的底物在溶酶体逐渐累积所导致的一组疾病 [1] 。目前,已识别 70 余种 LSD,总 体发病率约为 1/5000 [2] 。目前,LSD 的新生儿筛查方法包括串联质谱法和荧光法。荧光法特异性低,无法 同时测定多种酶活性,结果假阳性率高;串联质谱法敏感度和准确度高,单次实验可同时筛查多种疾病, 更适用于 LSD 的大规模筛查 [3] 近年来,随着筛查技术的进步以及酶替代治疗药物的不断出现,LSD 作为一类可早期筛查并干预的遗 传代谢病越来越受到关注。美国新生儿和儿童遗传性疾病咨询委员会已经批准将糖原贮积症Ⅱ型和黏多糖 贮积症Ⅰ型加入推荐的统一筛查疾病名单 [5] 。在我国,台湾地区已于 2005 年开展糖原贮积症Ⅱ型等溶酶体 疾病的新生儿筛查 [6][7] ,上海、北京及广州等地的部分医院也已开展溶酶体酶活性测定和高危患者的基因检 测。 新生儿 LSD 筛查是基于测定干血斑中溶酶体酶活性。对于酶活性的检测方法主要有串联质谱法和荧光 法 [8] 。由于 LSD 包含的疾病种类较多,某些疾病对应的酶活性检测条件相同,因此对于不同种类的 LSD 可能采取不同的检测方法进行筛查试验。早期美国伊利诺斯州新生儿筛查实验室采用液相色谱串联质谱检 测糖原贮积症Ⅱ型、黏多糖贮积症 I 型、法布里病、戈谢病、尼曼-皮克病 A/B、克拉伯病等 6 种 LSD 对 应的酶活性,经过不断优化方案,将串联质谱法作为上述 6 种 LSD 的首选筛查手段 [9] 。目前对于溶酶体疾 病筛查酶活性切值的建立方法尚无统一的结论,不同的实验室有不同的切值建立方法。Gelb 等 [8] 在糖原贮 积症Ⅱ型筛查中均将 GAA 切值定义为酶活性平均值的 15%;Burton 等 [10] 以每日 GAA 酶活性中位数 18%~22%及 IDUA 酶活性中位数 28%~31%作为原血片复查的切值,对小于等于每日 GAA 酶活性中位数 F o r R e v i e w O n l y 18%及 IDUA 酶活性中位数 28%的标本通过基因检测等进行确诊。在黏多糖贮积症 I 型筛查过程中,2019 年美国纽约州卫生部组织的涵盖五家医疗机构的 65 605 名新生儿溶酶体疾病筛查试点项目将当日检测所有 标本相应酶活性中位值的 15%作为 GAA 和 IDUA 的切值 [5] ;意大利的一项研究同样是将同一批次的所有 检测标本酶活性中位数的 20%作为酶活性切值 [4] 。基于国外相关研究,结合前期预实验结果,本研究初步 制定切值的建立方法,即 ABG、ASM、GALC、IDUA、GAA 5 个实验酶活性切值为对应本批次实验酶活 性中位数的 20%;GLA 酶活性切值为中位数的 30%。通过对 7 例临床确诊病例进行检测发现,这个切值 计算方法可以有效筛选出阳性病例。采用该切值计算方法对 26 689 名新生儿进行 6 种 LSD 筛查结果显 示,济南地区 LSD 筛查阳性率为 0.53%,其中糖原贮积症Ⅱ型、法布里病以及克拉伯病的患病率相对较 高,与文献报道一致 [11][12][13][14][15] 。本研究还发现,LSD 筛查酶活性在不同月份间存在统计学差异,从而直接影响 酶活性切值的大小,提示酶活性检测应考虑温度、湿度的影响,标本采集后要在符合技术规范要求的温度 湿度环境下自然晾干,全程冷链保存并运输递送至筛查实验室,实验操作过程应在规定的恒温恒湿环境下 进行。 综上所述,本研究明确了GAA、GLA、GALC、ABG、ASM及IDUA酶活性为筛查指标,建立测定这 些酶活性切值的方法,并发现不同月份的切值有差异,为应用串联质谱进行新生儿溶酶体贮积症筛查提供 了依据。 利益冲突 所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突 参考文献…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…In fact, this very concern leads the state of Ohio to institute an “opt out” option for Krabbe NBS, which allows parents to decline having their child screened for Krabbe disease. Fortunately, newly published recommendations have begun to address some of the concerns noted by genetics healthcare providers, such as providing clarification for who should be considered high risk and low risk for late onset Krabbe disease and follow‐up guidelines for these individuals (Thompson‐Stone et al., 2021).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%