Conotruncal cardiac anomalies and otitis media

Chronic Ear Surgery in Patients With Syndromes and Multiple Congenital Malformations

“…Anatomic studies have confirmed abnormalities in the eustachian tubes of patients with chromosomal abnormalities, palatal abnormalities, Down syndrome, and other syndromes 11–13 . Clinical studies have demonstrated high rates of ear disease in Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, tetralogy of Fallot, and other conditions 3,6,10 . Without doubt, the clinically active otologist encounters chronic ear disease mitigated by either a syndromic condition or a constellation of congenital malformations with some frequency.…”

“…The impact of certain congenital syndromes and certain congenital malformations on the development of ear disease has been revealed by several studies 3,6,10 . Anatomic studies have confirmed abnormalities in the eustachian tubes of patients with chromosomal abnormalities, palatal abnormalities, Down syndrome, and other syndromes 11–13 .…”

“…Conotruncal cardiac malformations have also been reported to be associated with high rates of ear disease 6 . Conotruncal cardiac malformations include transposition of great arteries, tetralogy of Fallot, and aortic stenosis.…”

“…Conotruncal cardiac malformations include transposition of great arteries, tetralogy of Fallot, and aortic stenosis. Not all cardiac malformations are conotruncal malformations, and those malformations not classified as conotruncal have been associated with a lower incidence of ear disease when compared with conotruncal malformations 6 . This series included four patients with a conotruncal cardiac malformation.…”

“…[2][3][4][5] In addition, patients with certain cardiac malformations, such as tetralogy of Fallot, have demonstrated high rates of ear disease. 6 Each year, more than 12,000 infants are diagnosed in the United States with a congenital syndrome or malformation known to cause chronic ear disease. 1 It is not uncommon for the otolaryngologist to encounter a patient with a congenital syndrome or malformation with chronic ear disease.…”