Conodonts from the Lower Ordovician of Morocco — Contributions to age and faunal diversity of the Fezouata Lagerstätte and peri-Gondwana biogeography

Lehnert, Oliver; Nowak, Hendrik; Sarmiento, Graciela N.; Gutiérrez-Marco, J. C.; Akodad, Mustapha; Servais, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.03.023

Cited by 20 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…in Nowak () and Lehnert et al . (), who identified 15 taxa from various levels extending throughout the lower interval with exceptional preservation (Fig. ).…”

Section: Age Calibration Of the Lower Interval With Exceptional Presementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recent detailed examination by one of us (JCGM) of all graptolite specimens collected in the Tizagzaouine section (250–330 m), that is along the same section originally used for conodont (Lehnert et al . ) and palynomorph‐based stratigraphy (Nowak et al . ) shows that all graptolite assemblages are dominated by typical late Tremadocian taxa belonging to the two genera Clonograptus ( C. rigidus , C .…”

Section: Age Calibration Of the Lower Interval With Exceptional Presementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, whereas conodont remains collected from the same, lower stratigraphical interval indicated a slightly younger age (late Tremadocian–early Floian; Lehnert et al . ), chitinozoan data were more difficult to interpret (late Tremadocian–late Floian; Nowak et al . ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Age calibration of the Lower Ordovician Fezouata Lagerstätte, Morocco

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Gutiérrez-Marco

Lehnert

et al. 2018

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The Fezouata Lagerstätte, discovered in the Lower Ordovician rocks of Morocco, is a Konservat‐Lagerstätte of prime scientific importance. It provides access not only to the ‘shelly’ (skeletonized) part of its fossil assemblages, but also to non‐biomineralized to lightly sclerotized organisms and to exceptionally preserved soft tissues of a complex ecosystem, mixing elements of both the ‘Cambrian Explosion’ and the ‘Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event’ (GOBE). The Fezouata Lagerstätte occurs at different intervals in the Fezouata Shale, a formation ranging from the lower Tremadocian to the upper Floian (Lower Ordovician). In spite of recent major advances in the detailed biostratigraphy of the Fezouata Shale, there is currently no consensus on the precise age of the fossiliferous levels yielding exceptionally preserved assemblages. Consequently, all available biostratigraphical evidence based on several fossil groups is here critically reviewed and discussed. It can be concluded that exceptional preservation is restricted to a few thin, discontinuous, lens‐shaped horizons occurring in two distinct parts of the Fezouata Shale: a lower interval (260–330 m above the base of the formation) and an upper interval (570–620 m). Integrated biostratigraphical studies, essentially based on investigations of graptolites, acritarchs and conodonts, indicate that the lower interval can be correlated with the upper Tremadocian, whereas the upper interval corresponds to the middle Floian.

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“…in Nowak () and Lehnert et al . (), who identified 15 taxa from various levels extending throughout the lower interval with exceptional preservation (Fig. ).…”

Section: Age Calibration Of the Lower Interval With Exceptional Presementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Age Calibration Of the Lower Interval With Exceptional Presementioning

confidence: 99%

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Age calibration of the Lower Ordovician Fezouata Lagerstätte, Morocco

Lefèbvre

Gutiérrez-Marco

Lehnert

et al. 2018

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“…; Lehnert et al . ). Most of these studies deal with Katian and Hirnantian faunas and conodonts from some other parts of the Ordovician are incompletely known which is likely due to the scarcity, or absence, of calcareous intervals in the successions.…”

Section: The Modern Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conodonts in Ordovician biostratigraphy

Bergström

Ferretti

2017

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The long time interval after Pander's (1856) original conodont study can in terms of Ordovician conodont biostratigraphical research be subdivided into three periods, namely the Pioneer Period (1856-1955), the Transition Period (1955-1971) and the Modern Period (1971-Recent). During the pre-1920s, the few published conodont investigations were restricted to Europe and North America and were not concerned about the potential use of conodonts as guide fossils. Although primarily of taxonomic nature, the pioneer studies by Branson & Mehl, Stauffer and Furnish during the 1930s represent the beginning of the use of conodonts in Ordovician biostratigraphy. However, no formal zones were introduced until Lindström (1955) proposed four conodont zones in the Lower Ordovician of Sweden, which marks the end of the Pioneer Period. Because Lindström's zone classification was not followed by similar work outside Baltoscandia, the time interval up to the late 1960s can be regarded as a Transition Period. A milestone symposium volume, entitled 'Symposium on Conodont Biostratigraphy' and published in 1971, summarized much new information on Ordovician conodont biostratigraphy and is taken as the beginning of the Modern Period of Ordovician conodont biostratigraphy. In this volume, the Baltoscandic Ordovician was subdivided into named conodont zones, whereas the North American Ordovician succession was classified into a series of lettered or numbered faunas. Although most of the latter did not receive zone names until 1984, this classification has been used widely in North America. The Middle and Upper Ordovician Baltoscandic zone classification, which was largely based on evolutionary species changes in lineages and hence includes phylozones, has subsequently undergone only minor changes and has been used slightly modified also in some other regions, such as New Zealand, China and eastern North America. The great importance of conodonts in Ordovician biostratigraphy is shown by the fact that conodonts are used for the definition of two of the seven global stages, and seven of the 20 stage slices, now recognized within this system

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“…But the scarce record of significant conodonts over the entire area (Lehnert et al . ), and the predominance of shelly faunas of limited value for a better appraisal of the global stages force us to continue to use the old British ‘Arenig’ as the preferred regional stage. To complete the Bohemian scale, promoting a replacement for the Arenigian, Přibyl () used the terms ‘Klabava stage’ and ‘Klabavian’ in a paper dealing with Ordovician ostracods, but it lacks a precise definition.…”

Section: The Bohemo‐iberian Regional Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

The Bohemo‐Iberian regional chronostratigraphical scale for the Ordovician System and palaeontological correlations within South Gondwana

Gutiérrez-Marco

Sá

García‐Bellido

et al. 2017

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The Bohemo‐Iberian regional scale for South Gondwana, involving the ‘Mediterranean Province’, comprises five regional stages (Arenigian, Oretanian, Dobrotivian, Berounian and Kralodvorian) plus the global Tremadocian and Hirnantian. The predominance of shallow‐water taxa in those high‐latitude faunas imposes serious difficulties for correlating the regional succession with the formal global chronostratigraphy because of the almost total absence of the key graptolites and conodonts defining the base of the standard series, stages and stage slices. Instead, the abundant benthic faunas (trilobites, brachiopods, molluscs, echinoderms) of South Gondwanan origin largely dominated in the area from the middle Darriwilian to the late Katian. The poleward faunal migration of originally Avalonian, Baltic, Laurentian and even Asiatic taxa during the Boda Event of global warming progressively ends with the endemicity in the region, where the ensuing benthic assemblages were severely affected by the Hirnantian glaciation. The regional scale significantly improves the precision of correlations between Ordovician strata from SW and central Europe, North Africa and a large part of the Middle East. An updated record of palaeontological data from areas where Mediterranean faunas remain practically unknown, or are still poorly investigated, is also included. Palaeobiogeographical relationships based on the distribution of faunas across South Gondwana are suggested as an improvement for positioning many territories in modern palaeogeographical reconstructions and offer a constructive approach to problems related to the pre‐Variscan and pre‐Alpine orogenic puzzles.

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Conodonts from the Lower Ordovician of Morocco — Contributions to age and faunal diversity of the Fezouata Lagerstätte and peri-Gondwana biogeography

Cited by 20 publications

References 53 publications

Age calibration of the Lower Ordovician Fezouata Lagerstätte, Morocco

Age calibration of the Lower Ordovician Fezouata Lagerstätte, Morocco

Conodonts in Ordovician biostratigraphy

The Bohemo‐Iberian regional chronostratigraphical scale for the Ordovician System and palaeontological correlations within South Gondwana

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