Conocimiento sobre el VIH y las infecciones de transmisión sexual en inmigrantes latinoamericanos y magrebíes en Cataluña

Ríos, Erika; Ferrer, Laia; Casabona, Jordi; Caylà, Joan A.; Avecilla, Àngels; Prat, Jordi; Edison, Jesús; Pérez, Olga; García, Sara Mallén; Torán, Pere; Ruíz, Marta de la Cruz; Gros, Teresa de Fernando; Rodríguez, Lourdes Durañones; Arribas, David San Segundo; Folch, Cinta; Esteve, Anna

doi:10.1016/j.gaceta.2008.09.010

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…La prevalencia auto-referida de ITS por la población inmigrante llegó al 14,9%, las más frecuentes vulvovaginitis inespecíficas en mujeres AL (25,2%) 57 . En una clínica especializada VIH/ITS, los inmigrantes presentaron significativamente mayor frecuencia de serología positiva de hepatitis B (antiHBc) (19,5% vs 8,3%) y de sífilis (3,2% vs 1,1%).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Diversos estudios mostraron un incremento de la proporción de inmigrantes en los nuevos diagnósticos VIH tanto en adultos 20 como en niños 39 57,58 . I de AL y Magreb escaso uso 57 .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…I de AL y Magreb escaso uso 57 . Sin diferencias en la frecuencia de uso, pero mayor accidentabilidad (39% de roturas) 24,35,42 Menor uso en mujeres 57 Vía de transmisión I de AL mayor transmisión HSH 5. I de ASS y NA mayor transmisión heterosexual 5,29,41 .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

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Infección VIH/Sida y otras infecciones de transmisión sexual en la población inmigrante en España: revisión bibliográfica

Rovirola

Ortiz-Barreda

Montemayor

et al. 2014

Rev. Esp. Salud Publica

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RESUMENFundamentos: Los flujos migratorios tienen la capacidad de dispersar agentes infecciosos y alterar las epidemiologías locales. El objetivo del estudio es describir las características socio-epidemiológicas, clínicas y de microbiología/epidemiología molecular de la infección VIH/Sida en la población inmigrada.. Métodos:Revisión de la literatura científica mediante la metodología de Scoping Review. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos Medline y MEDES. Se seleccionaron artículos originales realizados en España y publicados entre 1998-2012, en los que participara población procedente de América Latina, África subsahariana, Norte de África, Asia y Europa del Este.Resultados: Se seleccionaron 41 artículos. La población más estudiada fue la de América Latina (48,8%). Se observaron prevalencias mayores de VIH que en autóctonos en los hombres que tienen sexo con hombresde América Latina (18,1%), travestis y transexuales trabajadores del sexo de América Latina (23,3%), mujeres gestantes (0,9%) y hombres y mujeres de África Subsahariana (9,1% y 7,5%). Las conductas de riesgo fueron diferentes en función del país de origen y del sexo. El retraso diagnóstico llegó al 43% de las infecciones VIH, hallándose mayor prevalencia en inmigrantes de África subsahariana, que mostraron retraso diagnóstico en el 41% y resistencias al tratamiento anti-retroviral en el 13%. Las mujeres inmigrantes presentaron más pérdidas de seguimiento, peor respuesta inmunológica al TARV y menor tiempo de fracaso terapéutico.Conclusiones: La mayor prevalencia de VIH la presentan los sujetos procedentes de África subsahariana y los hombres que tienen sexo con hombres y travestis y transexuales trabajadores del sexo de América Latina. También las mujeres gestantes. El retraso diagnóstico y las resistencias al tratamiento son más frecuentes en sujetos de África Subsahariana. Las mujeres inmigrantes respondieron peor al tratamiento antiretroviral. Background: Migration flows have the ability to disperse infectious agents and alter local epidemiologies. The aim of the study is to describe the socio-epidemiological, clinical and microbiology / molecular epidemiology of HIV / AIDS infection in the immigrant population.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Diversos estudios mostraron un incremento de la proporción de inmigrantes en los nuevos diagnósticos VIH tanto en adultos 20 como en niños 39 57,58 . I de AL y Magreb escaso uso 57 .…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

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Infección VIH/Sida y otras infecciones de transmisión sexual en la población inmigrante en España: revisión bibliográfica

Rovirola

Ortiz-Barreda

Montemayor

et al. 2014

Rev. Esp. Salud Publica

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“…Among MSW, the group with the highest rate of late diagnoses [16], this proportion was even higher (51.6%). This indicates deficient knowledge about the mechanisms of HIV transmission and, consequently, also about the use of effective protective measures [33]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Never tested for HIV in Latin‐American migrants and Spaniards: prevalence and perceived barriers

Hoyos¹,

Fernández-Balbuena²,

Fuente³

et al. 2013

Journal of the International AIDS Society

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IntroductionIncreasing the uptake of HIV testing and decreasing the number of undiagnosed people is a priority for HIV prevention. Understanding the barriers that hinder people from testing is vital, particularly when working with especially vulnerable populations like migrants. Most data available on migrants are based on African migrants in the UK, while barriers to HIV testing in Latin-American migrants living in Europe remain unexplored. Still, they account for a quarter of new diagnosis in Spain and suffer higher rates of delayed diagnosis.MethodsBetween May 2008 and March 2011, a mobile unit offered free rapid HIV tests in different Spanish cities. We compared the prevalence of no previous testing, adjusting for potential confounders by two multivariate logistic models, and described differences in perceived barriers to testing in Latin-American migrants living in Spain versus Spaniards. Participants included men who have sex with men (MSM), men who have sex exclusively with women (MSW), and women.ResultsOf the 5920 individuals who got tested and answered a self-administered questionnaire, 36.5% were MSM (20.4% previously untested), 28.9% were MSW (49% previously untested) and 34.6% were women (53% previously untested). Almost one quarter were Latin-American, of whom 30% had never been tested versus 45% of untested Spaniards. After adjusting for potential confounders, Spaniards were more likely to report no previous testing than Latin-Americans among women and MSW all together (Odds Ratio (OR)=2.0; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.7–2.4) and among MSM (OR=1.6; 95% CI: 1.2–2.0). Among the 2455 who had never undergone an HIV test before, main barriers to testing were low perceived risk (54% Spaniards vs. 47% Latin-American) and concerns arising from the loss of anonymity (19.5% vs. 16.9%). Fear of rejection or discrimination and fear of legal problems were a barrier for <2%.ConclusionsLatin-American migrants living in Spain were more likely to get tested than Spaniards. Regardless of nationality, low perceived risk was the main barrier to testing whereas fear of stigma or discrimination and fear of legal problems were merely incidental. However, new Spanish austerity policies regarding healthcare for migrants in response to the economic crisis may reverse this situation.

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“…Misconceptions about HIV were common amongst HAs in Spain [ 30 , 31 ], where HA MSM reported unprotected anal sex more frequently than local MSM [ 32 ]. In the Netherlands, sex workers who originated from HA used condoms less consistently than those originating from other countries and the locally born [ 33 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hispano-Americans in Europe: what do we know about their health status and determinants? A scoping review

et al. 2015

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BackgroundPolicy makers and health practitioners are in need of guidance to respond to the growing geographic mobility of Hispano-American migrants in Europe. Drawing from contributions from epidemiology, social sciences, demography, psychology, psychiatry and economy, this scoping review provides an up-to-date and comprehensive synthesis of studies addressing the health status and determinants of this population. We describe major research gaps and suggest specific avenues of further inquiry.MethodsWe identified systematically papers that addressed the concepts “health” and “Hispano Americans” indexed in five data bases from Jan 1990 to May 2014 with no language restrictions. We screened the 4,464 citations retrieved against exclusion criteria and classified 193 selected references in 12 thematic folders with the aid of the reference management software ENDNOTE X6. After reviewing the full text of all papers we extracted relevant data systematically into a table template to facilitate the synthesising process.ResultsMost studies focused on a particular disease, leaving unexplored the interlinkages between different health conditions and how these relate to legislative, health services, environmental, occupational, and other health determinants. We elucidated some consistent results but there were many heterogeneous findings and several popular beliefs were not fully supported by empirical evidence. Few studies adopted a trans-national perspective and many consisted of cross-sectional descriptions that considered “Hispano-Americans” as a homogeneous category, limiting our analysis. Our results are also constrained by the availability and varying quality of studies reviewed.ConclusionsBurgeoning research has produced some consistent findings but there are huge gaps in knowledge. To prevent unhelpful generalisations we need a more holistic and nuanced understanding of how mobility, ethnicity, income, gender, legislative status, employment status, working conditions, neighbourhood characteristics and social status intersect with demographic variables and policy contexts to influence the health of the diverse Hispano-American populations present in Europe.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1799-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Conocimiento sobre el VIH y las infecciones de transmisión sexual en inmigrantes latinoamericanos y magrebíes en Cataluña

Cited by 18 publications

References 12 publications

Infección VIH/Sida y otras infecciones de transmisión sexual en la población inmigrante en España: revisión bibliográfica

Infección VIH/Sida y otras infecciones de transmisión sexual en la población inmigrante en España: revisión bibliográfica

Never tested for HIV in Latin‐American migrants and Spaniards: prevalence and perceived barriers

Hispano-Americans in Europe: what do we know about their health status and determinants? A scoping review

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