Connexin Methods and Protocols

Bruzzone, Roberto; Giaume, Christian

doi:10.1385/1592590438

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Some authors have pointed out that this mechanism is offset by an implicit trade-off in the exploitation of switching costs, because the exercise of market power must be weighed against competitiveness in attracting new consumers. However in this particular sector, as mentioned previously, such costs appear to have a significant impact on the profits of banks 46 .…”

Section: Zlwfklqj Frvwv Dqg Wkh Edqnlqj Lqgxvwu\mentioning

confidence: 56%

“…The conventional representation of switching costs is as a sunk investment (effective or perceived) made by consumers, which creates a certain inertia in the choice between apparently identical alternatives 32 .…”

Section: Kh Qdwxuh Ri Vzlwfklqj Frvwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…34 . For example, the discrepancy between the interest rates offered to savers and those earned by banks on their investments, which in a perfectly competitive market ought to coincide (minus the operating intermediation costs), is a sign of market power which can be accounted for by the existence of switching costs 35 A growing body of literature supports the key role played by switching costs in the banking sector, although few studies have as yet attempted to define the magnitude of this effect, or to examine possible policy indications from an antitrust perspective 36 . In any case, the costs in question are sufficiently high to discourage movement of consumers from one bank to another, even where there are large differences in charges and interest rates, making them a significant constituent of banks profits 37 .…”

Section: Zlwfklqj Frvwv Dqg Wkh Edqnlqj Lqgxvwu\mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the transfer to a new bank, all this accumulated background information will be lost. The bank customer, on his part, is likewise facilitated by familiarity with the procedures and staff, making it more convenient to continue with the existing bank rather than have to get used to a new one 45 .…”

Section: Zlwfklqj Frvwv Dqg Wkh Edqnlqj Lqgxvwu\mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Competition in Banking: Switching Costs and the Limits of Antitrust Enforcement

Porrini

Ramello

2004

SSRN Journal

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A recurring theme in the analysis of competition in the banking sector is the problem of stability, and the regulatory constraints that are consequently imposed on economic agents operating in this particular market.Generally speaking, antitrust intervention in the banking is heavily influenced by considerations of stability, because although competitive processes are inherently selective, and presuppose the possible exit from the market of inefficient competitors, this is precisely the eventuality that economic policy decisions seek to avert. Therefore, as discussed more in detail in the paragraphs below, the regulation has historically given precedence to the stability objective, relegating competition to second place. This is borne out by the many structural and operational constraints imposed on the authorities and laws that ought to safeguard competition, and the elevation of administrative barriers to entry. Now, under a law and economics perspective, regulatory intervention in the market is justified as a means of counteracting the emergence of inefficiencies, and so we can apply this same justification to the banking sector, where a specific inefficiency arises from the macroeconomic and systemic repercussions of the normal workings of the competitive process. The central problem, in this case, is entrepreneurial risk, which

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Section: Zlwfklqj Frvwv Dqg Wkh Edqnlqj Lqgxvwu\mentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Kh Qdwxuh Ri Vzlwfklqj Frvwvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Zlwfklqj Frvwv Dqg Wkh Edqnlqj Lqgxvwu\mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Zlwfklqj Frvwv Dqg Wkh Edqnlqj Lqgxvwu\mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Competition in Banking: Switching Costs and the Limits of Antitrust Enforcement

Porrini

Ramello

2004

SSRN Journal

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“…Retroviruses-Retroviral constructs and high-titer retroviruses were prepared based on the protocol described previously (13,14). Briefly, a cDNA fragment containing chicken Cx50 was generated by PCR and constructed into the retroviral vector RCAS(A).…”

Section: Preparation Of Recombinant Retroviral Constructs Encoding CXmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino Acid Residue Val362 Plays a Critical Role in Maintaining the Structure of C Terminus of Connexin 50 and in Lens Epithelial-fiber Differentiation

Shi

Banks

et al. 2010

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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We have previously shown that connexin (Cx) 50, unlike the other two lens connexins, Cx43 and Cx46, promotes chicken lens epithelial-fiber differentiation in a channel-independent manner. Here, we show that deletion of the PEST motif at the C terminus (CT) domain of Cx50 attenuates the stimulatory effect of Cx50 on lens fiber differentiation. Valine 362, a residue located within the PEST domain, is functionally involved. The structure of the Cx50 CT predicted by molecular modeling revealed four ␣-helices and Val 362 was found to be located in the middle of the 3rd helix. Replacement of Val 362 with amino acid residues that disrupt the ␣-helical structure predicted by molecular modeling, such as arginine, glutamate, or phenylalanine, attenuated the stimulatory effects of Cx50 on lens differentiation, whereas replacement with threonine, isoleucine, leucine, or proline, which maintain the structure preserved the function of Cx50. Circular dichroism (CD) studies supported the structural predictions and showed that the substitution with Glu, but not Thr or Pro, disrupted the ␣-helix, which appears to be the structural feature important for lens epithelial-fiber differentiation. Together, our results suggest that Val 362 is important for maintaining the helical structure and is crucial for the role of Cx50 in promoting lens epithelial-fiber differentiation.

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Role of the Connexin C-terminus in skin pattern formation of Zebrafish

Usui

Watanabe

2021

BBA Advances

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Connexin Methods and Protocols

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Competition in Banking: Switching Costs and the Limits of Antitrust Enforcement

Competition in Banking: Switching Costs and the Limits of Antitrust Enforcement

Amino Acid Residue Val362 Plays a Critical Role in Maintaining the Structure of C Terminus of Connexin 50 and in Lens Epithelial-fiber Differentiation

Role of the Connexin C-terminus in skin pattern formation of Zebrafish

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