Connections of the auditory cortex with the claustrum and the endopiriform nucleus in the cat

Beneyto, Manuel Gómez; Prieto, Jorge J.

doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(00)00454-8

Cited by 41 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Consistent labeling was also observed in the claustrum, a structure involved in auditory processing (Spector et al 1974;Olson and Graybiel 1980;Beneyto and Prieto 2001), indicating an additional route by which auditory information may enter the RSC. Projections from the claustrum terminated in both the granular and dysgranular regions of the RSC; injections confined to either of these regions produced similar labeling patterns in the claustrum.…”

Section: Labeling Patternssupporting

confidence: 58%

Retrosplenial cortex is required for the retrieval of remote memory for auditory cues

et al. 2016

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The restrosplenial cortex (RSC) has a well-established role in contextual and spatial learning and memory, consistent with its known connectivity with visuo-spatial association areas. In contrast, RSC appears to have little involvement with delay fear conditioning to an auditory cue. However, all previous studies have examined the contribution of the RSC to recently acquired auditory fear memories. Since neocortical regions have been implicated in the permanent storage of remote memories, we examined the contribution of the RSC to remotely acquired auditory fear memories. In Experiment 1, retrieval of a remotely acquired auditory fear memory was impaired when permanent lesions (either electrolytic or neurotoxic) were made several weeks after initial conditioning. In Experiment 2, using a chemogenetic approach, we observed impairments in the retrieval of remote memory for an auditory cue when the RSC was temporarily inactivated during testing. In Experiment 3, after injection of a retrograde tracer into the RSC, we observed labeled cells in primary and secondary auditory cortices, as well as the claustrum, indicating that the RSC receives direct projections from auditory regions. Overall our results indicate the RSC has a critical role in the retrieval of remotely acquired auditory fear memories, and we suggest this is related to the quality of the memory, with less precise memories being RSC dependent.

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Section: Labeling Patternssupporting

confidence: 58%

Retrosplenial cortex is required for the retrieval of remote memory for auditory cues

et al. 2016

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“…The basal ganglia are closely related to cognitive and attention-guided processes [Damasio et al, 1980] including speech processing [Viader et al, 1987;Rees, 1998]. Also, it has been shown that the auditory cortex directly projects to the basal ganglia [Reale and Imig, 1983;Yeterian and Pandya, 1998;Beneyto and Prieto, 2001]. Our results show that, if the lesions are restricted up to the crus posterior of the striatum, they had no effect on auditory processing.…”

Section: Lesions Sparing Auditory Structuressupporting

confidence: 43%

Central Auditory Impairment in Unilateral Diencephalic and Telencephalic Lesions

Biedermann¹,

Bungert²,

Dörrscheidt

et al. 2007

Audiol Neurotol

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The extent of perceptual impairment following unilateral lesions in the auditory cortex, its thalamic or callosal afferents was studied with psychoacoustic tests. Thresholds for the discrimination of signal frequency, intensity and duration were acquired under three different conditions of headphone stimulation (‘monaural’, ‘interaural’, and ‘dichotic signal/noise tests’) using the three-alternative forced-choice procedure. The different test alternatives generated distinct auditory percepts, which is in accordance with the assumption of specific signal processing at the level of the auditory brainstem and at thalamocortical auditory areas. Twenty-one patients from neurology were studied who suffered from unilateral lesions in the auditory cortex, the auditory thalamus, or the acoustic radiation. Location and extent of the lesions were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Monaural tests of either ear revealed no deficits in auditory performance. The patients showed impaired discrimination of signal frequency, intensity and duration in the dichotic signal/noise tests, when the signals were presented to the ear contralateral and the noise ipsilateral to the lesion. With inverted signal and noise stimulation, however, the thresholds were in the range of age-matched controls. All patients were able to master the interaural tests, which indicates the preserved ability to lateralize sound sources to the left and to the right with either one of the auditory cortices left intact. Another 24 patients were studied who had lesions mostly close to but sparing the before-mentioned auditory structures. All of them showed unimpaired performance in all test alternatives. The results indicate the specificity of the dichotic signal/noise tests for the identification of unilateral lesions in thalamocortical auditory structures. In addition, the results also point to the capacity of each telencephalic hemisphere to process the full range of auditory lateralization from left to right.

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“…In the adult brain, besides some positive cells scattered through the cerebral cortex, cortical expression was limited to the endopiriform nuclei. The endopiriform nucleus is a limbic related structure and is thought to play a part in the acquisition of conditioned fear (22) and is associated with temporal lobe epileptogenesis (23). It has been reported that this cortical structure is connected to the claustrum, amygdala, and the anterior olfactory nucleus (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FoxO6, a Novel Member of the FoxO Class of Transcription Factors with Distinct Shuttling Dynamics

Jacobs¹,

Heide²,

Wijchers

et al. 2003

Journal of Biological Chemistry

311

259

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Forkhead transcription factors of the FoxO-group are associated with cellular processes like cell cycle progression and DNA-repair. FoxO function is regulated by protein kinase B (PKB) via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/PKB survival pathway. Phosphorylation of serine and threonine residues in specific PKB phosphorylation motifs leads to exclusion of FoxO-proteins from the nucleus, which excludes them from exerting transactivating activity. Members of the FoxO-group have three highly conserved regions containing a PKB phosphorylation motif. This study describes the cloning and characterization of a novel forkhead domain gene from mouse that appeared to be highly related to the FoxO group of transcription factors and was therefore designated FoxO6. The FoxO6 gene was mapped in region D1 on mouse chromosome 4. In humans, FOXO6 is located on chromosomal region 1p34.1. Embryonic expression of FoxO6 is most apparent in the developing brain, and FoxO6 is expressed in a specific temporal and spatial pattern. Therefore it is probably involved in regulation of specific cellular differentiation. In the adult animal FoxO6 expression is maintained in areas of the nucleus accumbens, cingulate cortex, parts of the amygdala, and in the hippocampus. Structure function analysis of FoxO6 compared with its group members shows that the overall homology is high, but surprisingly a highly conserved region containing multiple phosphorylation sites is lacking. In transfection studies, FoxO6 coupled to GFP showed an unexpected high nuclear localization after stimulation with growth factors, in contrast to the predominant cytosolic localization of FoxO1 and FoxO3. We also show that nuclear export of FoxO6 is mediated through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/PKB pathway. Furthermore, we show using a chimeric approach that we can fully restore the ability of FoxO6 to shuttle between nucleus and cytosol. In conclusion, the data presented here gives a new view on regulation of FoxOfunction through multiple phosphorylation events and other mechanisms involved in the nuclear exclusion of FoxO-proteins.Transcription factors of the forkhead family have an important role in development and function of an organism (1). Since the discovery of the winged helix structure (forkhead domain) in Drosophila, more than 90 genes containing the forkhead domain have been identified, in species ranging from yeast to humans (1). Daf-16, a forkhead transcription factor in Caenorhabditis elegans has been extensively studied for its role in controlling longevity and dauer formation (2). Transcriptional activity is negatively regulated via an insulin-like signal transduction cascade. In humans Daf-16 has four described orthologues, FOXO1 (FKHR), FOXO2, (AF6q21), FOXO3a (FKHRL1), and FOXO4 (AFX). Together, these proteins form the FOXO-class of forkhead transcription factors in humans. Also in mice, Daf-16 orthologues are identified and are designated FoxO1, FoxO3, and FoxO4 (3).A subset of FOXO genes has been associated with disorders like tumorogenesis and rhabd...

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Connections of the auditory cortex with the claustrum and the endopiriform nucleus in the cat

Cited by 41 publications

References 79 publications

Retrosplenial cortex is required for the retrieval of remote memory for auditory cues

Retrosplenial cortex is required for the retrieval of remote memory for auditory cues

Central Auditory Impairment in Unilateral Diencephalic and Telencephalic Lesions

FoxO6, a Novel Member of the FoxO Class of Transcription Factors with Distinct Shuttling Dynamics

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