Connecting the dots on vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 using protein-protein interaction network analysis – Potential roles of placental ACE2 and ENDOU

Jing, Hongwu; Ackerman, William E.; Zhao, Guomao; Helou, Yara El; Buhimschi, Catalin S.; Buhimschi, Irina A.

doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2020.11.001

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…( 33 ) A previous study also reported that ENDOU expression is increased in patients with preeclampsia ( n = 4), but the study population was minimal. ( 26 ) The present study supports this finding by including a larger number of cases. In addition, we showed that ENDOU expression was also increased in cytotrophoblasts from FGR placentas.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…( 24 ) Moreover, placental ENDOU has previously been reported to have high homology with the coronavirus endoribonuclease nonstructural protein 15 (Nsp15). ( 25 , 26 ) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been detected in the placenta of mothers with COVID-19. ( 27 ) Moreover, it has been reported that pregnant women with severe COVID-19 can develop a PE-like syndrome, but the abnormal balance of angiogenic factors observed in actual PE has not been observed in these patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Upregulation of ENDOU in cytotrophoblasts from placenta complicated with preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction

Nomoto

Kotani

Miki

et al. 2021

J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr.

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Placental hypoplasia is associated with the pathophysiology of fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia. The placenta consists of differentiated trophoblasts, including cytotrophoblasts, syncytiotrophoblasts, and extravillous trophoblasts. Cytotrophoblasts are thought to have stem-like characteristics and the ability to differentiate into syncytiotrophoblasts and extravillous trophoblasts. However, it is poorly understood whether isolated cytotrophoblasts derived from hypoplastic placentas have specific features compared with those in normal placentas. This study aimed to determine the features of cytotrophoblasts in hypoplastic placentas. Differentially expressed proteins between isolated cytotrophoblasts from hypoplastic placenta with fetal growth restriction and those from the normal placenta were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Among 6,802 proteins, 1,253 and 2,129 proteins were more than 2-fold upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Among them, ENDOU (endonuclease, poly(U) specific), which has high homology with the coronavirus endoribonuclease nonstructural protein 15 (Nsp15), showed a significantly increased expression in cytotrophoblasts from the placenta with fetal growth restriction related to preeclampsia compared with those in normal control placenta. These results provide insight into the pathological mechanisms of placental hypoplasia and additional information on preeclamptic symptoms in cases of SARS-CoV-2 infected placenta, although further investigation is needed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upregulation of ENDOU in cytotrophoblasts from placenta complicated with preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction

Nomoto

Kotani

Miki

et al. 2021

J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr.

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“…Other investigators also have shown an association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and both preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. 49,139 Future research delineating the role of placental pathology independent of ACE2-receptoremediated effects is an opportunity to interrogate novel mechanisms.…”

Section: Placental Pathology and Disease Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: COVID-19 research in pregnancy: progress and potential

Boelig

Aagaard

Debbink

et al. 2021

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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The COVID-19 global pandemic has broad implications for obstetrical care and perinatal outcomes. As we approach the 2-year mark into an unprecedented international pandemic, this review presents the progress and opportunities for research related to COVID-19 and pregnancy. Research is the basis for evidence-based clinical guidelines, and we aim to provide the structure and guidance for framing COVID-19erelated obstetrical research. This structure will pertain not only to this pandemic but future ones as well.

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“…Lü et al found that both trophoblast and fetal lung alveolar cells are very low in ACE2 expression, but high levels of expression were found in multiple other fetal tissues [ 202 ]. Jing and colleagues provide an alternate model for vertical transmission [ 203 ].…”

Section: Antenatal or Neonatal Infection With Sars-cov-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Analysis of Maternal and Newborn Disease and Related Control for COVID-19

Cimolai

2021

SN Compr. Clin. Med.

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The maternal-fetal/newborn unit is established at risk for COVID-19 infection. This narrative review summarizes the contemporary and cumulative publications which detail maternal infection, antenatal and newborn infections, and maternal/fetal/newborn management and prevention. There is a wide spectrum of maternal disease, but the potential for severe disease albeit in a minority is confirmed. COVID-19 carries risk for preterm delivery. Pregnant females can suffer multisystem disease, and co-morbidities play a significant role in risk. Congenital infection has been supported by several anecdotal reports, but strong confirmatory data are few. No typical congenital dysmorphisms are evident. Nevertheless, placental vascular compromise must be considered a risk for the fetus during advanced maternal infections. Clinical manifestations of newborn infection have been mild to moderate and relatively uncommon. Proven antiviral therapy is of yet lacking. The mode of delivery is a medical decision that must include patient risk assessment and patient directives. Both presymptomatic and asymptomatic mothers and offspring can complicate infection control management with the potential for spread to others in several regards. In the interim, infections of the maternal-fetal-newborn unit must be taken seriously both for the disease so caused and the potential for further dissemination of disease.

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Connecting the dots on vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 using protein-protein interaction network analysis – Potential roles of placental ACE2 and ENDOU

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Upregulation of ENDOU in cytotrophoblasts from placenta complicated with preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction

Upregulation of ENDOU in cytotrophoblasts from placenta complicated with preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction

Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Special Statement: COVID-19 research in pregnancy: progress and potential

A Comprehensive Analysis of Maternal and Newborn Disease and Related Control for COVID-19

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