Connecting the Dots Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Metabolic Syndrome: A Focus on Gut-Derived Metabolites

Abstract

The role of the microbiome in health and disease has gained considerable attention and shed light on the etiology of complex diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Since the microorganisms inhabiting the gut can confer either protective or harmful signals, understanding the functional network between the gut microbes and the host provides a comprehensive picture of health and disease status. In IBD, disruption of the gut barrier enhances microbe infiltration into the submucosae, which enhances the probability that gut-derived metabolites are translocated from the gut to the liver and pancreas. Considering inflammation and the gut microbiome can trigger intestinal barrier dysfunction, risk factors of metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance may have common roots with IBD. In this review, we focus on the overlap between IBD and MetS, and we explore the role of common metabolites in each disease in an attempt to connect a common origin, the gut microbiome and derived metabolites that affect the gut, liver and pancreas.

Alterations in fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and branched short-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and metabolic syndrome (MetS)

“…There are many studies showing that the intestinal microflora and the bacterial metabolites it produces are involved in the metabolic processes in the body. There is also an association between intestinal inflammation and MetS [ 89 ]. Studies carried out in animal models indicate that the presence of microorganisms inhabiting the intestines in the population, e.g.…”

Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Gut Microbiota Modulation of Porphyra tenera Extracts in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis in Mice

“…The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem that plays a critical role in regulation of immune system homeostasis. Recent studies showed that gut microbes are related with many diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disease, nervous system disease, and IBD [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. It has been reported that dysbiosis of gut microbiota exacerbate the development of these diseases.…”

A Mediterranean-like fat blend protects against the development of severe colitis in the mucin-2 deficient murine model

“…Dietary fat composition has been implicated in the development of insulin resistance, including the development of type 2 diabetes, with each type of fat having vastly different effects on insulin resistance and metabolic control (Ikemoto et al ., 1996). Curiously, metabolic abnormalities are increasingly being identified in both human and animal models of colitis (Verdugo-Meza et al ., 2020). We demonstrate that in Muc2 -/- mice that OO and CO diets promote impairments in glucose tolerance, barrier function and alterations to hormone levels leading to metabolic alterations.…”