Connecting the Age and Reactivity of Organic Carbon to Watershed Geology and Land Use in Tributaries of the Hudson River

Stahl, Mason; Wassik, Jack; Gehring, Jaclyn; Horan, Connor; Wozniak, Andrew S.

doi:10.1029/2021jg006494

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Topography and surficial geology can also influence stream DOM by determining relative contributions to streamflow from near‐surface and deeper groundwater flow paths (Battin et al., 2008; Jankowski & Schindler, 2019). Sedimentary rocks may introduce aged petrogenic DOM to streams (Stahl et al., 2021). Lastly, regional differences in climate result in differences in the water and energy balance, thus affecting production, degradation and delivery of DOM to streams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of Stream Dissolved Organic Matter Across Canadian Forested Ecozones Varies in Three Dimensions Linked to Landscape and Climate

Orlova,

Amiri,

Bourgeois

et al. 2024

Water Resources Research

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Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a key variable influencing aquatic ecosystem processes. The concentration and composition of DOM in streams depend on both the delivery of DOM from terrestrial sources and on aquatic DOM production and degradation. However, there is limited understanding of the variability of stream DOM composition at continental scales and the influence of landscape characteristics and disturbances on DOM across different regions. We assessed DOM composition in 52 streams at seven research sites across six forested ecozones in Canada in 2019–2022 using 26 indices derived from five analytical approaches: absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy, liquid chromatography—organic carbon detection, Fourier‐transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and asymmetric flow field‐flow fractionation. Combined analyses showed clear clustering and redundancy across analytical techniques, and indicated that compositional variations were primarily related to three axes of DOM composition: (a) aromaticity, which was greater in low‐relief, wetland‐dominated catchments, (b) oxygenation, which was greater in colder and drier ecozones, and (c) biopolymer content, which was greater in lake‐influenced catchments. Variability in DOM composition among research sites was greater than variability of streams within a site and variability over time within a stream. Forest harvesting and wildfire disturbances had no common influence on DOM composition across research sites, emphasizing the need for regional studies. Our study provides a broad understanding of the variability of stream DOM composition and its associations with landscape and catchment characteristics at a subcontinental scale, and provides key insights for the choice and interpretation of DOM indices from various analytical approaches.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of Stream Dissolved Organic Matter Across Canadian Forested Ecozones Varies in Three Dimensions Linked to Landscape and Climate

Orlova,

Amiri,

Bourgeois

et al. 2024

Water Resources Research

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“…In this way, although hydrology is not the sole driver of organic material, river discharge does have a key role in understanding DOC and discharge relationships (Clark et al, 2023;Stahl et al, 2021;Tian et al, 2023). Improving observations of global inland waters-including discharge, water residence time, and concentrations of DOC-through remote sensing tools is a significant step toward a better understanding of the global hydrologic and carbon cycles (Battin et al, 2009.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote sensing of rivers: applications for streamflow and carbon flux estimations

Gehring

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Rivers are drivers of Earth's hydrologic and biogeochemical cycles-transporting water and materials to the world's oceans. Understanding changes in global hydrology as a result of climate-induced impacts is difficult due to the decline of globally available insitu measurements, nonexistent data in remote regions of the world, and geopolitical limitations. Advancements in remote sensing have provided means to combat these challenges, allowing for the derivation of river quantity and quality parameters. Using remote sensing to derive river discharge time series, we contribute to methodologies and insights to three key research challenges related to globally important rivers and associated fluxes. In the first chapter, we analyze how the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission and its irregular sampling frequency may impact the observed hydrology in rivers, and provide insight into leveraging future SWOT data. We find the irregular SWOT orbit may be better suited for larger, more stable rivers, and the hydrology of smaller, flashier rivers may be more sensitive to fewer observations. In the second chapter, we demonstrate the potential of satellite gravimetry and altimetry for estimating river discharge time series and focus on the differences that arise from process-based approaches. Our results suggest greater limitations of regionalized GRACE/GRACE-FO for river discharge derivations particularly in arctic rivers, as well as limitations using satellite altimetry where river channel dynamics are complex (e.g., Amazon). The last chapter combines remotely sensed river discharges with measurements of dissolved organic carbon concentrations for extended records of carbon flux estimates globally. We highlight the significance of capturing peak discharge events using remote sensing methods, and further examine how LOADEST models vary within reaches. The insights of this research contribute advancements toward a greater understanding of remote sensing tools for evaluating river discharge time series and subsequent applications for filling gaps in constituent flux estimations. part of such a motivating, thoughtful, and hilarious group of brilliant people. You make research fun! I never would have thought to take this journey four years ago without the encouragement of my undergraduate advisor at Union College, Dr. Mason Stahl. Thank you, Mason, for continuing to instill confidence and curiosity in young researchers. Thank you to all of the students in the Beighley and Stubbins Lab groups. Thank you to Wesley,

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DOM in the long arc of environmental science: looking back and thinking ahead

McDowell

2022

Biogeochemistry

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Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a heterogeneous mixture of organic compounds that is produced through both microbial degradation and abiotic leaching of solid phase organic matter, and by a wide range of metabolic processes in algae and higher plants. DOM is ubiquitous throughout the hydrologic cycle and plays an important role in watershed management for drinking water supply as well as many aspects of aquatic ecology and geochemistry. Due to its wide-ranging effects in natural waters and analytical challenges, the focal research questions regarding DOM have varied since the 1920s. A standard catchment-scale model has emerged to describe the environmental controls on DOM concentrations. Modest concentrations of DOM are found in atmospheric deposition, large increases occur in throughfall and shallow soil flow paths, and variable concentrations in surface waters occur largely as a result of the extent to which hydrologic flow paths encounter deeper mineral soils, wetlands or shallow organic-rich riparian soils. Both production and consumption of DOM occur in surface waters but appear to frequently balance, resulting in relatively constant concentrations with distance downstream in most streams and rivers. Across biomes the concentration and composition of DOM in flowing waters is driven largely by soil processes or direct inputs to channels, but high levels can be found in streams and rivers from the tropics to the poles. Seven central challenges and opportunities in the study of DOM should frame ongoing research. These include maintaining or establishing long-term records of changes in concentrations and fluxes over time, capitalizing on the use of sensors to describe short-term DOM dynamics in aquatic systems, integrating the full carbon cycle into understanding of watershed and aquatic DOM dynamics, understanding the role of DOM in evasion of greenhouse gases from inland waters, unraveling the enigma of dissolved organic nitrogen, documenting gross versus net DOM fluxes, and moving beyond an emphasis on functional ecological significance to understanding the evolutionary significance of DOM in a wide range of environments.

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Connecting the Age and Reactivity of Organic Carbon to Watershed Geology and Land Use in Tributaries of the Hudson River

Cited by 6 publications

References 69 publications

Composition of Stream Dissolved Organic Matter Across Canadian Forested Ecozones Varies in Three Dimensions Linked to Landscape and Climate

Composition of Stream Dissolved Organic Matter Across Canadian Forested Ecozones Varies in Three Dimensions Linked to Landscape and Climate

Remote sensing of rivers: applications for streamflow and carbon flux estimations

DOM in the long arc of environmental science: looking back and thinking ahead

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