Connecticut nighttime safety belt use

Chaudhary, Neil K; Preusser, David F.

doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2006.05.005

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…The obvious difficulty in conducting surveys at night is that darkness makes it more difficult to accurately identify whether or not a shoulder seat belt is in use. The vision problem in identifying seat belt use at night has been addressed in recent years through the use of night vision goggles and infrared spotlights, technology now commercially available (Chaudhary & Preusser, 2006). This has led to several new studies of nighttime seat belt use.…”

Section: Nighttime Seat Belt Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…One way in which this can be controlled is by weighting the data based on specific 24-hour traffic counts (i.e. using nighttime traffic counts only), as reported in Chaudhary and Preusser (2006). However such counts are not always available on an hourly basis.…”

Section: Nighttime Seat Belt Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the studies are recent, based on whole States or jurisdictions within States, using night vision goggles and infrared spotlights (Chaudhary, Tison, & Casanova, 2010;Chaudhary & Preusser, 2006;Chaudhary, Alonge, & Preusser, 2005;Solomon, Chaudhary, & Preusser, 2007;Vivoda et al, 2006). Three older studies were based on unaided visual observations at locations with sufficient lighting (Williams & O'Neill, 1979;Preusser, Williams, & Lund, 1986;Wells, Preusser, & Williams, 1992).…”

Section: Nighttime Seat Belt Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is some information comparing day and night seat belt use by gender, vehicle type, and other factors, but some of the available information is inconsistent. In Connecticut, for example, nighttime seat belt use was substantially lower than daytime use in urban areas, but this was not the case in rural areas (Chaudhary & Preusser, 2006). In New Mexico, no such differences were found, possibly because what is considered urban and rural in these two States differs (Solomon, Chaudhary, & Preusser, 2007).…”

Section: Nighttime Seat Belt Usementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some information has been based on seriously injured occupants using State data files (Kim & Kim, 2003), but most comes from FARS, looking at seat belt use among fatally injured occupants, which is the population to be addressed in the present study (e.g., Chaudhary & Preusser, 2006;Salzberg et al, 2002;Tison & Williams, 2010). It is known from the latter studies that seat belt use in crash populations is higher during the day than at night and that it has increased over time, but there has not been a detailed look at night versus day seat belt use among fatally injured occupants over a span of years.…”

Section: Night and Day Seat Belt Use In Crash Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Daytime and nighttime seat belt use by fatally injured passenger vehicle occupants

Tison¹,

Williams²,

Chaudhary³

2010

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Angela Eichelberger served as the NHTSA Contracting Officer's Technical Representative for the study. The difference in day and night seat belt use among fatally injured passenger vehicle occupants was investigated by personal, environmental, and vehicle characteristics. In each of the 10 years reviewed, seat belt use among fatally injured occupants was lower at night (9 p.m.-3:59 a.m.) than during the day. On average, nighttime use was 18 percentage points lower than daytime belt use. Results indicated that groups with lower seat belt use both day and night were: males; younger occupants; pickup truck occupants; residents of secondary enforcement law States; occupants traveling in rural areas; occupants killed on local roads; occupants killed on weekends; drivers with crashes and violations on their records; drivers likely accountable in the crash; and drivers with high blood alcohol concentrations. Alcohol-impaired drivers comprised more than two-thirds of fatally injured drivers killed at night, and only 26% of these drivers were belted at night. The categories of fatally injured occupants who showed the greatest discrepancy in day and night seat belt use included: occupants 45 and older, those on interstate roads, car occupants, and drivers with clean records. BACKGROUNDThe disproportionate contribution of nighttime fatalities to the highway death toll has long been recognized. It is becoming increasingly clear that one of the reasons for this situation is that seat belts are less often used during nighttime hours. There are still many gaps in our knowledge about seat belt use at night. The lack of detailed information about nighttime and daytime seat belt use is limiting in two ways: (1) it does not allow identification of specific low-seat-belt-use targets, and (2) it is still unclear why seat belt use is lower at night. A better understanding of night seat belt use compared with daytime use can lead to more focused efforts in targeting relevant populations. OBJECTIVESCurrently, States only have daytime observational surveys available and do not know the prevailing use rate at night. It is thus of interest to determine the relationship between observed daytime use rates and daytime and nighttime rates of seat belt use in fatally injured occupants. A major part of the study involves investigation of the differential relationship between day and night seat belt use in fatalities by rural/urban location, vehicle types, road type, and occupant age and gender. Also of interest is day and night seat belt use in fatalities by blood alcohol concentration (BAC), driver record, and driver-related factors that indicate the driver was likely accountable for the crash. Differences in day and night use in primary and secondary States were compared, and an analysis was done of States that changed from secondary to primary status in the 1998-2007 period. METHODSObservational surveys of seat belt use were used to track belt use across years and across States. Data obtained from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS...

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Section: Nighttime Seat Belt Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nighttime Seat Belt Usementioning

confidence: 99%