Connate water of the organocarbonate shale rocks of Domanic deposits

Kazak, E. S.; Kozlova, Elena; Karamov, Tagir; Bogdanovich, N.; Chizhov, D.B.

doi:10.24887/0028-2448-2021-5-84-89

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The third factor has to do with differences of water amount in the rocks. According to Kazak et al [31,32], Bazhenov Formation rocks contain an order of magnitude which contain more water than Domanik Formation rocks (1-8 wt% and 0.1-0.5 wt%, respectively).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Source Rock Heating and Structural Changes in the Electromagnetic Fields Using Experimental and Mathematical Modeling

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The paper presents the results of an experimental study of heating and the structural resultant changes of source rocks under the influence of the electromagnetic field in the microwave and radio-frequency ranges. The samples from the Bazhenov Formation (West Siberia, Russia) and the Domanic Formation (Ural, Russia) have been tested. It is shown that samples from these formations demonstrate very different heating rates at the same electromagnetic field parameters and the their heating rate depends on the type of the electromagnetic field (radio-frequency or microwave) applied. The temperature of the Bazhenov Formation samples reaches 300 °C within one hundred seconds of the microwave treatment but it slowly rises to 200 °C after twelve minutes of the radio-frequency influence. The samples of the carbonate Domanic Formation heat up more slowly in the microwave field (within two hundred seconds) and to lower temperatures in the radio-frequency (150 °C) than the Bazhenov Formation samples. The study of the structure of the samples before and after experiments on the electromagnetic treatment shows fracture formation during the heating process. Numerical simulations of heating dynamics of source rock samples have been based on a simple mathematical model of the electromagnetic influence and main features of heating for different types of source rock have been revealed. The opportunities for application of electromagnetic heating for oil source rock recovery are discussed.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Source Rock Heating and Structural Changes in the Electromagnetic Fields Using Experimental and Mathematical Modeling

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are several aspects to consider when using anhydrous pyrolysis. Firstly, despite no water being used in the experiment, water is still present in the Domanik Formation sample [72][73][74], and it can also be naturally generated during the thermal cracking of kerogen [75]. Secondly, a number of EOR shale-oriented techniques utilize gases, such as high-pressure air injection with further self-pyrolysis [76] and CO 2 or N 2 injection [77][78][79][80].…”

Section: Kerogen Microstructural Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of Carbonate Mineral Matrix and Kerogen Micro-Structure in Domanik Organic-Rich Shale during Anhydrous Pyrolysis

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study of organic-rich carbonate-containing shales after heating is an important task for the effective application of in-situ thermal kerogen conversion technologies implemented for these types of rocks. This research was conducted to study changes in the rocks of the Domanik Formation after high-temperature treatment, taking into account the nature of structural changes at the micro level and chemical transformations in minerals. The sample of organic-rich carbonate-containing shales of the Domanik Formation was treated in stages in a pyrolizer in an inert atmosphere in the temperature range of 350–800 °C for 30 minutes at each temperature. By means of X-ray powder diffractometry (XRPD), HAWK pyrolysis, light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and computed micro-tomography, the characteristics of the rock before and after each heating stage were studied. The results showed significant alteration of the mineral matrix in the temperature range 600–800 °C, including the decomposition of minerals with the formation of new components, and structural alterations such as fracturing micropore formation. The organic matter (OM) was compacted at T = 350–400 °C and fractured. The evolution of void space includes fracture formation at the edges between rock components, both in organic matter and in minerals, as well as nanopore formation inside the carbonate mineral matrix. The results obtained show what processes at the microlevel can occur in carbonate-containing organic-rich shales under high-temperature treatment, and how these processes affect changes in the microstructure and pore space in the sample. These results are essential for modeling and the effective application of thermal EOR in organic-rich shales.

show abstract

Comprehensive Studies of Formation Water for Achimov and Bazhenov Formations — Revitalizing Archived and Old Cores

Kazak

2021

All Days

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The sediments of Bazhenov (BF) and Achimov (ACh) formations have been studied for more than 50 years, and to date, a large amount of core material obtained during drilling at the stage of exploration is stored in the core stores of Russian industrial companies. The rise in the cost of the complex of geological exploration and the emergence of new research methods enabled studies of the old/dry core from previously drilled exploration wells. BF and ACh reservoir rocks have low permeability and initially low water saturation, and therefore, during storage, rock samples could partially retain pore water. To study its composition and quantitative content, we used the previously proposed integrated approach with proven effectiveness in fresh low-permeability BF rocks. The studied materials include BF rock samples from 3 different fields stored for 2 years after sampling in the laboratory, and ACh rock samples from 12 fields, cored more than 10 years ago at the geologic exploration stage. The complex technique includes determining free and bound water contents by the evaporation method with isotopic analysis (δ18O and δD) of the released water. The modified water extraction method provides a range of pore water salinity, while the modified alcohol ammonium chloride method measures the cation exchange capacity (CEC). Auxilary methods include Rock-Eval pyrolysis to determine organic matter content, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) to assess the mineral composition of sediments. The verification of the results for the BF rock samples was carried out according to the data obtained for the new/fresh core, while for the ACh rock samples — according to the results of the direct chemical composition analysis of the formation water. Despite the low permeability, we found that the BF and ACh rock samples during storage lost almost all (up to 90%) free water due to evaporation. At the same time, salts from formation water remained in the pore space, which made it possible to estimate the range of its NaCl salinity: 1.84–14.7 g/L for ACh rock samples and 4.49–20.19 g/L for BF rock samples. The obtained values set the lower limit of the possible pore water salinity of the studied ACh and BF rock samples. Moreover, the results match those from direct salinity measurements in the ACh depth intervals and the results of fresh BF core laboratory studies. We showed that the old/dry BF and ACh core could be effectively used to assess the bound water content with subsequent determination of its genesis from isotopic composition data and CEC measurements. This opportunity relies on the high clay content in the studied BF and ACh rock samples. The obtained results show the fundamental capability of informative laboratory studies of BF and ACh rock samples from public and private core storage facilities and give new life to archived and old/dry core.

show abstract

Connate water of the organocarbonate shale rocks of Domanic deposits

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Investigation of Source Rock Heating and Structural Changes in the Electromagnetic Fields Using Experimental and Mathematical Modeling

Investigation of Source Rock Heating and Structural Changes in the Electromagnetic Fields Using Experimental and Mathematical Modeling

Alterations of Carbonate Mineral Matrix and Kerogen Micro-Structure in Domanik Organic-Rich Shale during Anhydrous Pyrolysis

Comprehensive Studies of Formation Water for Achimov and Bazhenov Formations — Revitalizing Archived and Old Cores

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About