Conjunctive use of quantitative and qualitative X-ray diffraction analysis of soils and rocks for forensic analysis

Ruffell, Alastair; Wiltshire, Patricia E.J.

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.03.017

Cited by 66 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This range of SWL value is comparable to the SWL values from samples in this present study. However, Ruffell and Wiltshire's (2004) samples have a higher average LOI value of 9.8% than the average LOI of 6.67% for samples measured in this study, although Ruffell and Wiltshire (2004) used slightly different temperature steps and heating durations.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…Based upon the LOI data from Table 2, efforts were made to use the quantitative XRD mineral modal abundance reported by Ruffell and Wiltshire (2004) to calculate the SWL and SWL:LOI values for their soil samples. For the 21 surface soil samples collected from various locations by Ruffell and Wiltshire (2004), their SWL ranged from 0.03 to 5.55%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the 21 surface soil samples collected from various locations by Ruffell and Wiltshire (2004), their SWL ranged from 0.03 to 5.55%. This range of SWL value is comparable to the SWL values from samples in this present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This project Ruffell and Wiltshire (2004) Power (Ruffell and Wiltshire (2004)) Power (This project) Fig. 2.…”

Section: Loi (%) Swl/loi Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil mineral structural water loss during loss on ignition analyses

Sun¹,

Nelson²,

Chen³

et al. 2009

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Sun, H., Nelson, M., Chen, F. and Husch, J. 2009. Soil mineral structural water loss during loss on ignition analyses. Can. J. Soil Sci. 89: 603Á610. Water loss from soil minerals has been known to cause errors in the determination of soil organic matter when the loss on ignition (LOI) method is used. Unfortunately, no known published studies reliably quantify the range of structural water in the soil. To do this, 15 common reference minerals were analyzed by LOI to obtain their individual water loss. In addition, 14 upland, loamy soil samples and 3 wetland/hydric soil samples with varied mineral contents were analyzed to collect their X-ray powder diffraction spectra. Based upon X-ray spectra peak intensities, the modal abundance of minerals in each soil sample was determined using the RockJock computer program. The resultant modal weight percentages of all identified minerals in each soil sample were then multiplied by the LOI value for each mineral to obtain the mineral structural water loss (SWL) of that soil sample. For the 17 soil samples analyzed, the range of mineral water loss is 0.56 to 2.45%. Depending on the LOI values of the soil samples, the SWL:LOI ratios range from 0.04 to around 1.00. The SWL:LOI ratios are particularly low for top wetland soil when the LOI value is higher. The ratios are lower for surface soil samples than for subsurface soil samples because of the high LOI values in surface soil samples. Understanding soil mineral water loss and its relation to the LOI patterns from various environments is important for the accurate evaluation of soil organic matter when the LOI method is used.Key words: Mineral, structural water, loss on ignition Sun, H., Nelson, M., Chen, F. et Husch, J. 2009. Perte structurelle d'eau par les mine´raux du sol lors des analyses de perte par calcination. Can. J. Soil Sci. 89: 603Á610. On sait que l'eau perdue par les mine´raux du sol cause des erreurs lorsqu'on s'efforce de calculer la quantite´de matie`re organique dans le sol par la me´thode d'analyse de perte par calcination (LOI). Malheureusement, aucune des e´tudes publie´es ne quantifie de manie`re fiable la variation de l'eau structurelle dans le sol. Pour y reme´dier, les auteurs ont analyse´15 mine´raux de re´fe´rence communs par la LOI afin d'en mesurer la perte d'eau. Ils ont aussi analyse´14 e´chantillons de sol loameux des plateaux et 3 e´chantillons de sol hydrique des terres humides afin de recueillir le spectre de leur poudre par diffraction des rayons X. En partant de l'intensite´des pics obtenus aux rayons X, ils ont e´tabli l'abondance modale des mine´raux dans chaque e´chantillon graˆce au logiciel RockJock. Les pourcentages modaux ponde´re´s des mine´raux identifie´s dans chaque e´chantillon qui en re´sultent ont ensuite e´te´multiplie´s par la valeur LOI de chaque mine´ral, ce qui a donne´la perte structurelle d'eau (SWL) du mine´ral pour l'e´chantillon. Sur les 17 e´chantillons examine´s, la perte d'eau des mine´raux varie de 0,56 % a`2,45 %. D'apre`s la valeur LOI des e´chantillons, le ...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This project Ruffell and Wiltshire (2004) Power (Ruffell and Wiltshire (2004)) Power (This project) Fig. 2.…”

Section: Loi (%) Swl/loi Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Soil mineral structural water loss during loss on ignition analyses

Sun¹,

Nelson²,

Chen³

et al. 2009

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Perhaps in such circumstances it would be better not to use elemental chemical analyses at all (given the inherent problems that such techniques pose, as outlined above). If geochemical analyses were required, perhaps XRF analysis (which has been recognised as having greater accuracy [9]) or XRD analysis, that is able to provide mineralogical data from small samples [11], or indeed QemSCAN analysis [12] would be more appropriate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%