Conjunctive effect of CMC–zero-valent iron nanoparticles and FYM in the remediation of chromium-contaminated soils

Abstract

Chromium is an important industrial metal used in various products and processes but at the same time causing lethal environmental hazards. Remediation of Cr-contaminated soils poses both technological and economic challenges, as conventional methods are often too expensive and difficult to operate. Zero-valent iron particles at nanoscale are proposed to be one of the important reductants of Cr(VI), transforming the same into nontoxic Cr(III). In the present investigation, soils contaminated with Cr(VI) are allowed to react with the various loadings of zero-valent iron nanoparticles (Fe 0 ) for a reaction period of 24 h. Fe 0 nanoparticles were synthesized by the reduction of ferrous sulfate in the presence of sodium borohydride and stabilized with carboxy methyl cellulose and were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersion spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV-vis spectrophotometer, Fourier transform-infra red spectrophotometer, Raman spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering technique and zeta potential. Further, this work demonstrates the potential utilization of farm yard manure (FYM) and Fe 0 nanoparticles in combination and individually for the effective remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated soils. An increase in the reduction of Cr(VI) from 60 to 80 % was recorded with the increase in the loading of Fe 0 nanoparticles from 0.1 to 0.3 mg/100 g individually and in combination with FYM ranging from 50 to 100 mg/100 g soil.

Green synthesis, characterization of biomaterial-supported zero-valent iron nanoparticles for contaminated water treatment

“…Several physical and chemical production methods including mechanical milling (Karimi et al 2014), sodium borohydride (Satapanajaru et al 2008;Madhavi et al 2014), ethylene glycol (Raveendran et al 2003), solvothermal method (Basavaraju et al 2011), and carbothermal synthesis (Allabaksh et al 2010) have been employed for the preparation of ZVIN. But ZVIN, synthesized by above conventional methods, agglomerate rapidly in clusters due to Van der Waals and magnetic forces (Qiangu et al 2013).…”

High nitrate removal by starch‐stabilized Fe0 nanoparticles in aqueous solution in a controlled system

“…B. The bonds at 3411.83 cm −1 and 1639.72 cm −1 were ascribed to OH stretching vibration which suggests the formation of FeOOH layer on S‐nZVI nanoparticles . The FTIR spectra of S‐nZVI show C‐H stretching absorption around 2922.80 cm −1 .…”

Antioxidant Activities of Pediococcus Acidilactici GR-66 and Proposed Chromium (VI)-reducing Mechanism

“…As a well-known carcinogen, Cr can induce a multitude of harmful effects, including ulceration, damage to the gastrointestinal system, epigenetic modulation, etc (Sun et al, 2015;Unceta et al, 2010). Although numerous technologies have been developed to remove heavy metals, Cr remediation is generally limited by the high cost like membrane filtration and long duration like phytoremediation (Madhavi et al, 2013). Some Cr-microorganisms have been identified and further adopted to remediate the contamination, showing the potential as an effective and efficient method to attenuate Cr-induced effects (Kamaludeen et al, 2003;Mishra et al, 2017).…”