Conjunctival flora in anophthalmic patients: microbiological spectrum and antibiotic sensitivity

Toribio-García, J.A.; Marrodán, Teresa; Fernández-Natal, Isabel; Martı́nez-Blanco, Honorina; Rodrı́guez-Aparicio, Leandro B.; Ferrero, Miguel Ángel Martín

doi:10.18240/ijo.2019.05.10

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…When the acrylic ocular prosthesis is in position inside the anophthalmic cavity, some degree of "dead space" can be observed between the back surface of the prosthesis and the anophthalmic cavity tissue, especially when the ocular prosthesis is poorly adapted in this cavity [1,5,6]. According to Toribio et al 2019, the lack of an ocular globe and the use of an ocular prosthesis produce several modifications in the biomechanics in the anophthalmic region. First, the bulbar conjunctiva is no longer swept by the eyelids [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Toribio et al 2019, the lack of an ocular globe and the use of an ocular prosthesis produce several modifications in the biomechanics in the anophthalmic region. First, the bulbar conjunctiva is no longer swept by the eyelids [7]. Second, the artificial eye is a relatively large foreign body that can produce frictional irritation of the conjunctiva when the prosthesis moves [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the bulbar conjunctiva is no longer swept by the eyelids [7]. Second, the artificial eye is a relatively large foreign body that can produce frictional irritation of the conjunctiva when the prosthesis moves [7]. Third, the "dead space" allows the accumulation of conjunctival debris, even in custom fitted prostheses [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, the artificial eye is a relatively large foreign body that can produce frictional irritation of the conjunctiva when the prosthesis moves [7]. Third, the "dead space" allows the accumulation of conjunctival debris, even in custom fitted prostheses [7]. In addition, the removal and placement of an ocular prosthesis in the anophthalmic cavity, and a poor prosthesis adjustment, can cause tissue irritation of the anophthalmic cavity [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the removal and placement of an ocular prosthesis in the anophthalmic cavity, and a poor prosthesis adjustment, can cause tissue irritation of the anophthalmic cavity [8]. These circumstances promote an increase of mucus in the socket, which in turn favors the growth of pathogenic microorganisms [7]. All these factors, combined with the presence of biofilm on the ocular prosthesis (due to poor hygiene), facilitate the development of bacterial infections [1,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro evaluation of the effect of different disinfectants on the biofilm of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus formed on acrylic ocular prostheses

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of disinfectants on the biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis formed on the acrylic surface of ocular prostheses. In this study, 396 acrylic specimens were manufactured (50% for Staphylococcus epidermidis, and 50% for Staphylococcus aureus). For each bacterium, 66 specimens were subjected to biofilm formation on their surfaces for 24 hours, 66 specimens were subjected to biofilm formation on their surfaces for 48 hours, and 66 specimens were subjected to biofilm formation on their surfaces for 72 hours. Then, they were divided into groups according to disinfection method (n = 6): sterile distilled water for 10, 15, 30 min, and 6 hours (control); soap for 30 min (NES30); Opti-Free for 30 min (OPF30) and 6 h (OPF6); Efferdent for 15 min (EFF15); and 0.5%, 2%, and 4% chlorhexidine for 10 min (0.5% CHX10, 2% CHX10, and 4% CHX10). After the treatments, the specimens were vortexed to release the biofilm and the counting of bacterial colonies was performed (CFU/mL). Three-way ANOVA and the Tukey-Kramer HSD test were used (α = 0.05). For Staphylococcus epidermidis, there was no significant difference between NES30, OPF30, and OPF6 with their respective control groups; nor between NES30, OPF30, and OPF6 themselves, regardless of the biofilm development period (P >0.05). For Staphylococcus aureus, there was no significant difference between NES30 and OPF30 with their control group; nor between NES30 and OPF30 themselves, regardless of the biofilm development period (P >0.05). For Staphylococcus aureus, OPF6 showed a significant reduction in the number of CFU/mL when compared with its control group, NES30, and OPF30, regardless of the biofilm development period (P <0.05). For both bacteria, 0.5% CHX10, 2% CHX10,4% CHX10, and EFF15 showed a significant reduction in the number of CFU/mL when compared with their control groups, NES30, OPF30, and OPF6, regardless of the biofilm development period (P <0.05).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

In vitro evaluation of the effect of different disinfectants on the biofilm of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus formed on acrylic ocular prostheses

et al. 2020

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Management of the Anophthalmic Socket

Heindl,

Modugno,

Holbach

et al. 2024

Oculoplastic, Lacrimal and Orbital Surgery

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Elevated levels of Merkel cell polyoma virus in the anophthalmic conjunctiva

Siegal

Gutowski

Akileswaran

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The human ocular surface hosts a paucibacterial resident microbiome and virome. The factors contributing to homeostasis of this mucosal community are presently unknown. To determine the impact of ocular enucleation and prosthesis placement on the ocular surface microbiome, we sampled conjunctival swabs from 20 anophthalmic and 20 fellow-eye intact conjunctiva. DNA was extracted and subjected to quantitative 16S rDNA PCR, biome representational karyotyping (BRiSK), and quantitative PCR (qPCR) confirmation of specific organisms. 16S ribosomal qPCR revealed equivalent bacterial loads between conditions. Biome representational in silico karyotyping (BRiSK) demonstrated comparable bacterial fauna between anophthalmic and intact conjunctiva. Both torque teno virus and Merkel cell polyoma virus (MCPyV) were detected frequently in healthy and anophthalmic conjunctiva. By qPCR, MCPyV was detected in 19/20 anophthalmic samples compared with 5/20 fellow eyes. MCPyV copy number averaged 891 copies/ng in anophthalmic conjunctiva compared with 193 copies/ng in fellow eyes (p < 0.001). These results suggest that enucleation and prosthesis placement affect the ocular surface flora, particularly for the resident virome. As MCPyV has been shown to be the etiologic cause of Merkel cell carcinoma, understanding the mechanisms by which the ocular surface regulates this virus may have clinical importance.

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Conjunctival flora in anophthalmic patients: microbiological spectrum and antibiotic sensitivity

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

In vitro evaluation of the effect of different disinfectants on the biofilm of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus formed on acrylic ocular prostheses

In vitro evaluation of the effect of different disinfectants on the biofilm of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus formed on acrylic ocular prostheses

Management of the Anophthalmic Socket

Elevated levels of Merkel cell polyoma virus in the anophthalmic conjunctiva

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