Conjugated microporous polymer‐coated sponges for effectively removal of oils and trace aromatic pollutions in water

Abstract

Efficient elimination of organics or oils in water has become a global concern due to their severely environmental pollution. In this work, two kinds of absorbents based on the doping of conjugated microporous polymers onto sponges (CMPs@sponges) were prepared by in situ Sonogashira‐Hagihara coupling reaction of the monomers in the presence of melamine sponge. The as‐synthesized CMPs@sponges possess excellent thermal and physicochemical stability. Owing to the excellent hydrophobic character of the CMPs@sponges, which exhibit high oil/water separation efficiency through adsorption process. The CMPs@sponges show desirable ability for the adsorption of oils and organic solvents with the values of 24–64 g/g and 13–36 g/g, and the adsorption properties remain unchanged after 10 cycles with excellent cycling stability. Even the CMPs@sponges are immersed in different pH solutions, which still maintain their original superhydrophobicity. In addition, CMPs@sponges can constantly separate and recover oil and organic solvent based on the help of vacuum pump, and the separation efficiency still remained above 95% after 10 repetitions. It was worth noting that the CMPs@sponges can remove not only the organic solvents but also the trace benzene contaminants from water, and with the removal rate of more than 85%. Furthermore, the as‐synthesized CMPs@sponges possess high oil/water separation properties that may be attributed to the physical adsorption, and the π‐π interactions and hydrophobic interactions. Therefore, due to the designable flexibility of CMPs, which make the CMPs‐based novel materials are excepted to an excellent candidate for applications of oil/water separation and water purification.

Porphyrin-Based Conjugated Microporous Polymer Loaded with Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron for the Degradation of Organic Pollutants under Visible Light

“…After the introduction of zerovalent iron nanoparticles, the XRD pattern of Por-CMPs-1–2@nZVI exhibits two distinct peaks at 36 and 45°, associated with the diffraction patterns of iron oxide and metallic iron at zero oxidation state, respectively. This observation confirms the successful loading of Fe 0 onto the surface of Por-CMPs-1–2. , …”

“…This observation confirms the successful loading of Fe 0 onto the surface of Por-CMPs-1−2. 33,34 The surface chemical composition and chemical state of the prepared samples were analyzed using XPS, which detected the elements C, N, O, and Fe. The XPS analysis results of Por-CMPs can be found in the Support information (Figure S3).…”

Hollow Nanospheres of Conjugated Microporous Polymers for the Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Water

“…As can be seen from the figure, the tensile vibration of thiophenyl of C−S−C is about 1427 cm −1 , 30 and the peak near 2200 cm −1 is caused by the stretching vibration of −C�C−. 31 After the hydrophilic modification, the peak around 2200 cm −1 weakens obviously, while the stretching vibration peak of −C�C− appears at 1648 cm −1 , indicating that the hydrophilic functional group is successfully introduced into the CMPs-HSs, making part of −C�C− transform into −C�C−. 32 In addition, the characteristic peaks near 1725 and 1648 cm −1 are caused by the stretching vibration of C�O (−COOH) and NH−C�O, respectively.…”

“…First, the chemical structures of the CMPs-HSs and CMPs-HSs-S are characterized by infrared spectroscopy (Figure a). As can be seen from the figure, the tensile vibration of thiophenyl of C–S–C is about 1427 cm –1 , and the peak near 2200 cm –1 is caused by the stretching vibration of −CC– . After the hydrophilic modification, the peak around 2200 cm –1 weakens obviously, while the stretching vibration peak of −CC– appears at 1648 cm –1 , indicating that the hydrophilic functional group is successfully introduced into the CMPs-HSs, making part of −CC– transform into −CC– .…”