Conjugated linoleic acids: why the discrepancy between animal and human studies?

Plourde, Mélanie; Jew, Stephanie; Cunnane, Stephen C.; Jones, Peter J.H.

doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2008.00051.x

Cited by 61 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(150 reference statements)

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“…These changes are recognized to have health benefits in humans, especially relating to cardiovascular outcomes. As only 5% of α-linolenic acids in the human body are converted into n-3 fatty acids, dietary sources of these fatty acids are of great importance (Plourde et al, 2008). Moreover, animals fed ground cottonseed exhibited greater n-6 fatty acid concentrations in muscle, and n-6/n-3 ratio in both tissues, compared with those fed ground soybean.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acid profile and meat quality of young bulls fed ground soybean or ground cottonseed and vitamin E

Neto

Chizzotti

Ramos

et al. 2015

Animal

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the fatty acid profile and qualitative characteristics of meat from feedlot young bulls fed ground soybean or ground cottonseed, with or without supplementation of vitamin E. A total of 40 Red Norte young bulls, with an initial average age of 20 months, and an initial average BW of 339 ± 15 kg, were allotted in a completely randomized design using a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, with two oilseeds, and daily supplementation or not of 2500 IU of vitamin E. The experimental period was for 84 days, which was preceded by an adaptation period of 28 days. The treatments were ground soybean (SB), ground soybean plus vitamin E (SBE), ground cottonseed (CS) and ground cottonseed plus vitamin E (CSE). The percentage of cottonseed and soybean in the diets (dry matter basis) was 24% and 20%, respectively. Diets were isonitrogenous (13% CP) and presented similar amount of ether extract (6.5%). The animals were slaughtered at average live weight of 464 ± 15 kg, and samples were taken from the longissimus dorsi muscle for the measurement of fatty acid concentration and the evaluation of lipid oxidation and color of the beef. Before fatty acid extraction, muscle tissue and subcutaneous fat of the longissimus dorsi were separated to analyze fatty acid profile in both tissues. Supplementation of vitamin E did not affect fatty acid concentration, lipid oxidation and color (P > 0.05). Subcutaneous fat from animals fed CS diet had greater C12:0, C16:0 and C18:0 contents (P < 0.03). In addition, CS diets reduced the C18:1 and C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 contents in subcutaneous fat (P < 0.05). The muscle from animals fed CS tended to higher C16:0 and C18:0 contents (P < 0.11), and decreased C18:1, C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 and C18:3 contents (P < 0.05) compared with SB. The Δ 9 -desaturase index was greater in muscle from animals fed SB (P < 0.01). At 42 days of age, meat from cattle fed SB had a greater lipid oxidation rate (P < 0.05). Meat from animals fed SB diets had less lightness and redness indices than meat from animals fed CS diets after 14 days of age. In conclusion, the addition of ground cottonseed in the finishing diets did increase the saturated fatty acid content of the longissimus dorsi. However, animals fed cottonseed exhibited greater lightness and redness of beef. In this study, the addition of vitamin E did not affect qualitative characteristics of meat.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acid profile and meat quality of young bulls fed ground soybean or ground cottonseed and vitamin E

Neto

Chizzotti

Ramos

et al. 2015

Animal

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“…It is possible that expression and release of abnormal inflammatory factors into circulation would induce growth-arresting or growthpromoting impact at site-specific susceptible/accessible tissues. Lipids: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids or essential fatty acids (FAs) including membrane arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites, prostaglandins (e.g., PGI2/PGF-1, PGD, PGE2) and leukotrienes (e.g., LT4, LTC), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylserine (PS), and associated enzymes (e.g., COX, LO, phospholipases A, B and C) play critical roles in metabolism, integrity and function of tissues, including signal transduction, immune responses, vascular toning, bone remodeling and function (Al-Sarireh et al, 2000, Bosch et al, 2002, Baso 2008, Helleboid et al, 1991, 2007, Parks et al, 2005, Plourde et al, 2008, Poulsen and Kruger 2006, Spite and Serhan 2010, Wagner and Frenette 2008. Aging, oxidative stress and certain life styles (e.g., smoking or heavy alcohol consumption) are associated with decreases in capacity to metabolize and convert precursor of FAs into polyunsaturated FAs, decreases in bone mass, resorption and remodeling and impaired calcium balance, alterations in osteoblastogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and functions of osteoblast and osteoclast during menopause, as well as rheumatoid arthritis.…”

Section: Inflammation and Age-associated Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation, Aging and Cancer: Friend or Foe?

Khatami¹

2012

Inflammation, Chronic Diseases and Cancer - Cell and Molecular Biology, Immunology and Clinical Bases

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“…When analyzing CLA antitumoric activity it is important to distinguish some discrepancies between animal and human models, as in the latter the results tend to be various (Kelley et al 2007, Plourde et al 2008, Stachowska 2008.…”

Section: Cla and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological effects of conjugated linoleic acids supplementation

Oleszczuk¹,

Oleszczuk²,

Siwicki³

et al. 2012

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are a group of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with a single pair of conjugated double bonds. The major natural CLA isomer is 18:2 cis-9, trans-11 (c9, t11) linoleic acid, or rumenic acid (RA). Chemically synthesized CLA is also available, mostly as a mixture of RA and 18:2 trans-10, cis-12 (t10, c12) isomers in equal amounts (50:50). Consumption of ruminant meat (beef and lamb) and dairy products (milk and cheese) is the main source of dietary exposure to CLA. Despite numerous studies on animal and human models (tumorigenesis, obesity, immune response) it has not been established whether additional supplementation of CLA is of benefit. Moreover, some studies, conducted both in animals and in humans, reveal that CLA isomers may induce insulin resistance. Presently, balanced diet rich in CLA from natural sources is recommended. The purpose of this review was to sum up the results available in the literature.

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Conjugated linoleic acids: why the discrepancy between animal and human studies?

Cited by 61 publications

References 62 publications

Fatty acid profile and meat quality of young bulls fed ground soybean or ground cottonseed and vitamin E

Fatty acid profile and meat quality of young bulls fed ground soybean or ground cottonseed and vitamin E

Inflammation, Aging and Cancer: Friend or Foe?

Biological effects of conjugated linoleic acids supplementation

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